59th United States Congress
59th United States Congress | |
---|---|
58th ← → 60th | |
United States Capitol (1906) | |
March 4, 1905 – March 4, 1907 | |
Senate President | Charles W. Fairbanks (R) |
Senate Pres. pro tem | William P. Frye (R) |
House Speaker | Joseph G. Cannon (R) |
Members | 90 senators 386 representatives 6 non-voting delegates |
Senate Majority | Republican |
House Majority | Republican |
Sessions | |
Special: March 4, 1905 – March 18, 1905 1st: December 4, 1905 – June 30, 1906 2nd: December 3, 1906 – March 3, 1907 |
The Fifty-ninth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1905, to March 4, 1907, during the fifth and sixth years of Theodore Roosevelt's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Twelfth Census of the United States in 1900. Both chambers had a Republican majority.
Contents
1 Major events
2 Major legislation
3 Party summary
3.1 Senate
3.2 House of Representatives
4 Leaders
4.1 Senate
4.2 House of Representatives
4.2.1 Majority (Republican) leadership
4.2.2 Minority (Democratic) leadership
5 Members
5.1 Senate
5.1.1 Alabama
5.1.2 Arkansas
5.1.3 California
5.1.4 Colorado
5.1.5 Connecticut
5.1.6 Delaware
5.1.7 Florida
5.1.8 Georgia
5.1.9 Idaho
5.1.10 Illinois
5.1.11 Indiana
5.1.12 Iowa
5.1.13 Kansas
5.1.14 Kentucky
5.1.15 Louisiana
5.1.16 Maine
5.1.17 Maryland
5.1.18 Massachusetts
5.1.19 Michigan
5.1.20 Minnesota
5.1.21 Mississippi
5.1.22 Missouri
5.1.23 Montana
5.1.24 Nebraska
5.1.25 Nevada
5.1.26 New Hampshire
5.1.27 New Jersey
5.1.28 New York
5.1.29 North Carolina
5.1.30 North Dakota
5.1.31 Ohio
5.1.32 Oregon
5.1.33 Pennsylvania
5.1.34 Rhode Island
5.1.35 South Carolina
5.1.36 South Dakota
5.1.37 Tennessee
5.1.38 Texas
5.1.39 Utah
5.1.40 Vermont
5.1.41 Virginia
5.1.42 Washington
5.1.43 West Virginia
5.1.44 Wisconsin
5.1.45 Wyoming
5.2 House of Representatives
5.2.1 Alabama
5.2.2 Arkansas
5.2.3 California
5.2.4 Colorado
5.2.5 Connecticut
5.2.6 Delaware
5.2.7 Florida
5.2.8 Georgia
5.2.9 Idaho
5.2.10 Illinois
5.2.11 Indiana
5.2.12 Iowa
5.2.13 Kansas
5.2.14 Kentucky
5.2.15 Louisiana
5.2.16 Maine
5.2.17 Maryland
5.2.18 Massachusetts
5.2.19 Michigan
5.2.20 Minnesota
5.2.21 Mississippi
5.2.22 Missouri
5.2.23 Montana
5.2.24 Nebraska
5.2.25 Nevada
5.2.26 New Hampshire
5.2.27 New Jersey
5.2.28 New York
5.2.29 North Carolina
5.2.30 North Dakota
5.2.31 Ohio
5.2.32 Oregon
5.2.33 Pennsylvania
5.2.34 Rhode Island
5.2.35 South Carolina
5.2.36 South Dakota
5.2.37 Tennessee
5.2.38 Texas
5.2.39 Utah
5.2.40 Vermont
5.2.41 Virginia
5.2.42 Washington
5.2.43 West Virginia
5.2.44 Wisconsin
5.2.45 Wyoming
5.2.46 Non-voting members
6 Changes in membership
6.1 Senate
6.2 House of Representatives
7 Committees
7.1 Senate
7.2 House of Representatives
7.3 Joint committees
8 Caucuses
9 Employees
9.1 Senate
9.2 House of Representatives
10 See also
11 References
Major events
- March 4, 1905: President Theodore Roosevelt began his second (only full) term.
Major legislation
- June 8, 1906: Antiquities Act
- June 29, 1906: Hepburn Act
- June 30, 1906: Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 (Wiley Act), ch. 3915, 34 Stat. 768
- June 30, 1906: Meat Inspection Act (Beveridge Act)
- 1906: The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching chartered.[1]
- March 2, 1907: Expatriation Act of 1907, 34 Stat. 1228
Party summary
Senate
Party (shading shows control) | Total | Vacant | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic (D) | Republican (R) | |||
End of the previous congress | 33 | 56 | 89 | 1 |
Begin | 32 | 56 | 88 | 2 |
End | 58 | 90 | 0 | |
Final voting share | 7001356000000000000♠35.6% | 7001644000000000000♠64.4% | ||
Beginning of the next congress | 29 | 61 | 90 | 0 |
House of Representatives
Republican (R): 251 (majority)
Democratic (D): 135
TOTAL: 386
Leaders
Senate
President: Charles W. Fairbanks (R)
President pro tempore: William P. Frye (R)
Republican Conference Chairman: William B. Allison
Democratic Caucus Chair: Arthur Pue Gorman, until June 4, 1906
Joseph Clay Stiles Blackburn, afterwards
Democratic Caucus Secretary: Edward W. Carmack
House of Representatives
Speaker: Joseph G. Cannon (R)
Majority (Republican) leadership
Majority Leader: Sereno E. Payne
Majority Whip: James E. Watson
Republican Conference Chair: William Peters Hepburn
Minority (Democratic) leadership
Minority Leader: John Sharp Williams
Minority Whip: James T. Lloyd
Democratic Caucus Chairman: Robert Lee Henry
Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: James M. Griggs
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and Representatives are listed by district.
- Skip to House of Representatives, below
Senate
At this time, Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1906; Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1908; and Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1910.
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House of Representatives
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Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
Senate
- replacements: 8
Democratic: no net change
Republican: no net change
- deaths: 5
- resignations: 1
- vacancy: 2
Total seats with changes: 9
State (class) | Vacator | Reason for vacancy | Subsequent | Date of successor's installation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Missouri (1) | Vacant | Elected to fill vacancy in term. | William Warner (R) | March 18, 1905 |
Delaware (1) | Vacant | Elected to fill vacancy in term. | Henry A. du Pont (R) | June 13, 1906 |
Tennessee (1) | William B. Bate (D) | Died March 9, 1905. Successor was elected. | James B. Frazier (D) | March 21, 1905 |
Connecticut (3) | Orville H. Platt (R) | Died April 21, 1905. Successor was appointed and subsequently elected. | Frank B. Brandegee (R) | May 10, 1905 |
Oregon (2) | John H. Mitchell (R) | Died December 8, 1905. Successor was appointed. | John M. Gearin (D) | December 13, 1905 |
Kansas (2) | Joseph R. Burton (R) | Resigned June 4, 1906, due to a conviction of corruption charges. Successor was appointed. | Alfred W. Benson (R) | June 11, 1906 |
Maryland (2) | Arthur P. Gorman (D) | Died June 4, 1906. Successor was appointed. | William P. Whyte (D) | June 8, 1906 |
Oregon (2) | John M. Gearin (D) | Successor was elected. | Frederick W. Mulkey (R) | January 23, 1907 |
Michigan (2) | Russell A. Alger (R) | Died January 24, 1907. Successor was elected. | William A. Smith (R) | February 6, 1907 |
Kansas (2) | Alfred W. Benson (R) | Successor was elected. | Charles Curtis (R) | January 29, 1907 |
House of Representatives
- replacements: 17
Democratic: no net change
Republican: no net change
- deaths: 12
- resignations: 11
- contested elections: 1
- new seats: 1
Total seats with changes: 26
District | Previous | Reason for change | Subsequent | Date of successor's installation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Indiana 1st | Vacant | Rep. James A. Hemenway resigned during previous congress | John H. Foster (R) | May 16, 1905 |
Nebraska 1st | Elmer Burkett (R) | Resigned March 4, 1905, after being elected to the U.S. Senate | Ernest M. Pollard (R) | July 18, 1905 |
West Virginia 2nd | Alston G. Dayton (R) | Resigned March 16, 1905, after being appointed judge for the United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia | Thomas B. Davis (D) | June 6, 1905 |
Texas 8th | John M. Pinckney (D) | Died April 24, 1905 | John M. Moore (D) | June 6, 1905 |
Connecticut 3rd | Frank B. Brandegee (R) | Resigned May 10, 1905, after being elected to the U.S. Senate | Edwin W. Higgins (R) | October 2, 1905 |
Illinois 14th | Benjamin F. Marsh (R) | Died June 2, 1905 | James McKinney (R) | November 7, 1905 |
California 1st | James Gillett (R) | Resigned January 4, 1906, after being elected Governor of California | William F. Englebright (R) | November 6, 1906 |
Virginia 5th | Claude A. Swanson (D) | Resigned January 30, 1906, after being elected Governor of Virginia | Edward W. Saunders (D) | November 6, 1906 |
Pennsylvania 3rd | George A. Castor (R) | Died February 19, 1906 | J. Hampton Moore (R) | November 6, 1906 |
Pennsylvania 12th | George R. Patterson (R) | Died March 21, 1906 | Charles N. Brumm (R) | November 6, 1906 |
Pennsylvania 2nd | Robert Adams Jr. (R) | Died June 1, 1906 | John E. Reyburn (R) | November 6, 1906 |
Georgia 1st | Rufus E. Lester (D) | Died June 16, 1906 | James W. Overstreet (D) | October 3, 1906 |
Missouri 12th | Ernest E. Wood (D) | Lost contested election June 23, 1906 | Harry M. Coudrey (R) | June 23, 1906 |
Wisconsin 2nd | Henry C. Adams (R) | Died July 9, 1906 | John M. Nelson (R) | September 4, 1906 |
New York 8th | Timothy Sullivan (D) | Resigned July 27, 1906 | Daniel J. Riordan (D) | November 6, 1906 |
Illinois 13th | Robert R. Hitt (R) | Died September 20, 1906 | Frank O. Lowden (R) | November 6, 1906 |
Massachusetts 3rd | Rockwood Hoar (R) | Died November 1, 1906 | Charles G. Washburn (R) | December 18, 1906 |
New York 21st | John H. Ketcham (R) | Died November 4, 1906 | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
Tennessee 10th | Malcolm R. Patterson (D) | Resigned November 5, 1906, after being elected Governor of Tennessee | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
Indiana 12th | Newton W. Gilbert (R) | Resigned November 6, 1906, after being appointed judge of the court of first instance at Manila, Philippines | Clarence C. Gilhams (R) | November 6, 1906 |
District of Alaska | New seat | New delegate seat December 3, 1906 | Frank H. Waskey (D) | December 3, 1906 |
Arkansas 4th | John S. Little (D) | Resigned January 14, 1907, after being elected Governor of Arkansas | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
Kansas 1st | Charles Curtis (R) | Resigned January 28, 1907, after being elected to the U.S. Senate | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
New York 26th | William H. Flack (R) | Died February 2, 1907 | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
Virginia 8th | John F. Rixey (D) | Died February 8, 1907 | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
Michigan 5th | William Alden Smith (R) | Resigned February 9, 1907, after being elected to the U.S. Senate | Seat remained vacant until next Congress |
Committees
Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (5 links), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.
Senate
Additional Accommodations for the Library of Congress (Select)- Agriculture and Forestry
- Appropriations
- Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate
- Canadian Relations
- Census
- Civil Service and Retrenchment
- Claims
- Coast and Insular Survey
- Coast Defenses
- Commerce
- Corporations Organized in the District of Columbia
- Cuban Relations
Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)- District of Columbia
- Education and Labor
- Engrossed Bills
- Enrolled Bills
Establish a University in the United States (Select)
Examination of Disposition of Documents (Select)- Examine the Several Branches in the Civil Service
- Expenditures in Executive Departments
- Finance
- Fisheries
Five Civilized Tribes of Indians (Select)- Foreign Relations
- Forest Reservations and the Protection of Game
- Geological Survey
- Immigration
- Immigration and Naturalization
- Indian Affairs
- Industrial Expositions
Indian Territory (Select)- Interoceanic Canals
- Interstate Commerce
- Irrigation and Reclamation
- Judiciary
- Library
- Manufactures
- Military Affairs
- Mines and Mining
Mississippi River and its Tributaries (Select)
National Banks (Select)- Naval Affairs
- Pacific Islands and Puerto Rico
- Pacific Railroads
- Patents
- Pensions
- Philippines
- Post Office and Post Roads
Potomac River Front (Select)- Printing
- Private Land Claims
- Privileges and Elections
- Public Buildings and Grounds
- Public Health and National Quarantine
- Public Lands
- Railroads
- Revision of the Laws
- Revolutionary Claims
- Rules
Standards, Weights and Measures (Select)
Tariff Regulation (Select)- Territories
Transportation and Sale of Meat Products (Select)- Transportation Routes to the Seaboard
Trespassers upon Indian Lands (Select)
Ventilation and Acoustics (Select)- Whole
Woman Suffrage (Select)
House of Representatives
- Accounts
- Agriculture
- Alcoholic Liquor Traffic
- Appropriations
- Banking and Currency
- Census
- Claims
- Coinage, Weights and Measures
- Disposition of Executive Papers
- District of Columbia
- Education
- Election of the President, Vice President and Representatives in Congress
- Elections
- Enrolled Bills
- Expenditures in the Agriculture Department
- Expenditures in the Commerce and Labor Departments
- Expenditures in the Interior Department
- Expenditures in the Justice Department
- Expenditures in the Navy Department
- Expenditures in the Post Office Department
- Expenditures in the State Department
- Expenditures in the Treasury Department
- Expenditures in the War Department
- Expenditures on Public Buildings
- Foreign Affairs
- Immigration and Naturalization
- Indian Affairs
- Industrial Arts and Expositions
- Insular Affairs
- Interstate and Foreign Commerce
- Invalid Pensions
- Irrigation of Arid Lands
- Labor
- Levees and Improvements of the Mississippi River
- Manufactures
- Merchant Marine and Fisheries
- Mileage
- Military Affairs
- Militia
- Mines and Mining
- Naval Affairs
- Pacific Railroads
- Patents
- Pensions
- Post Office and Post Roads
- Public Buildings and Grounds
- Public Lands
- Railways and Canals
- Reform in the Civil Service
- Revision of Laws
- Rivers and Harbors
- Rules
- Standards of Official Conduct
- Territories
- Ventilation and Acoustics
- War Claims
- Ways and Means
- Whole
Joint committees
Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)- Disposition of (Useless) Executive Papers
- Revision of the Laws
- Second Class Mail Matter
Caucuses
Democratic (House)
Democratic (Senate)
Employees
Architect of the Capitol: Elliott Woods
Librarian of Congress: Herbert Putnam
Public Printer of the United States: Frank W. Palmer (until 1905), Charles A. Stillings (starting 1905)
Senate
Secretary of the Senate: Charles G. Bennett of New York, elected February 1, 1900.
Sergeant at Arms of the Senate: Daniel M. Ransdell of Indiana, elected February 1, 1900.
Chaplain of the Senate
The Rev. Edward E. Hale, Unitarian, elected December 14, 1903.
House of Representatives
Clerk of the House: Alexander McDowell of Pennsylvania, elected December 4, 1905.
Sergeant at Arms of the House: Henry Casson of Wisconsin, elected December 4, 1905.
Doorkeeper of the House: Frank B. Lyon of New York, elected December 4, 1905.
Postmaster of the House: Joseph C. McElroy of Ohio, elected December 4, 1905.
Clerk at the Speaker’s Table: Asher C. Hinds
Reading Clerks: [Data unknown/missing.]
Chaplain: The Rev. Henry N. Couden, Universalist, elected December 4, 1905.
See also
United States elections, 1904 (elections leading to this Congress)
- United States presidential election, 1904
- United States Senate elections, 1904
- United States House of Representatives elections, 1904
United States elections, 1906 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
- United States Senate elections, 1906
- United States House of Representatives elections, 1906
References
^ "Carnegie Foundation". Carnegie Foundation. November 26, 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-05..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ Robert M. La Follette was elected to the 59th Congress for the term starting March 4, 1905, but he did not assume the seat until January 2, 1906, preferring to finish his term as Governor of Wisconsin. Nevertheless, his Senate service technically began March 4, 1905.
Gould, Lewis L. (2005). The Most Exclusive Club. Cambridge, MA: Perseus Books Group. ISBN 0-465-02778-4.
Remini, Robert V. (2006). The House. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, Inc. ISBN 0-06-088434-7.
U.S. Congress (2005). "Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress". Archived from the original on June 1, 2006. Retrieved June 1, 2006.
U.S. House of Representatives (2006). "Congressional History". Archived from the original on June 1, 2006. Retrieved June 1, 2006.
U.S. Senate (2006). "Statistics and Lists". Archived from the original on June 1, 2006. Retrieved June 1, 2006.
Official Congressional Directory for the 59th Congress, 1st Session.
Official Congressional Directory for the 59th Congress, 1st Session (1st Revision).
Official Congressional Directory for the 59th Congress, 1st Session (2nd Revision).
Official Congressional Directory for the 59th Congress, 2nd Session.
Official Congressional Directory for the 59th Congress, 2nd Session (Revision).