25th United States Congress








































25th United States Congress


24th ←

→ 26th


USCapitol1827A.gif

United States Capitol (1827)

March 4, 1837 – March 4, 1839
Senate President
Richard M. Johnson (D)
Senate Pres. pro tem
William R. King (D)
House Speaker
James K. Polk (D)
Members
52 senators
242 representatives
3 non-voting delegates
Senate Majority
Democratic
House Majority
Democratic
Sessions

Special: March 4, 1837 – March 10, 1837
1st: September 4, 1837 – October 16, 1837
2nd: December 4, 1837 – July 9, 1838
3rd: December 3, 1838 – March 3, 1839

The Twenty-fifth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1837, to March 4, 1839, during the first two years of Martin Van Buren's presidency.


The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Fifth Census of the United States in 1830. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.





Contents






  • 1 Major events


  • 2 Major legislation


  • 3 Territories organized


  • 4 Party summary


    • 4.1 Senate


    • 4.2 House of Representatives




  • 5 Leadership


    • 5.1 Senate


    • 5.2 House of Representatives




  • 6 Members


    • 6.1 Senate


      • 6.1.1 Alabama


      • 6.1.2 Arkansas


      • 6.1.3 Connecticut


      • 6.1.4 Delaware


      • 6.1.5 Georgia


      • 6.1.6 Illinois


      • 6.1.7 Indiana


      • 6.1.8 Kentucky


      • 6.1.9 Louisiana


      • 6.1.10 Maine


      • 6.1.11 Maryland


      • 6.1.12 Massachusetts


      • 6.1.13 Michigan


      • 6.1.14 Mississippi


      • 6.1.15 Missouri


      • 6.1.16 New Hampshire


      • 6.1.17 New Jersey


      • 6.1.18 New York


      • 6.1.19 North Carolina


      • 6.1.20 Ohio


      • 6.1.21 Pennsylvania


      • 6.1.22 Rhode Island


      • 6.1.23 South Carolina


      • 6.1.24 Tennessee


      • 6.1.25 Vermont


      • 6.1.26 Virginia




    • 6.2 House of Representatives


      • 6.2.1 Alabama


      • 6.2.2 Arkansas


      • 6.2.3 Connecticut


      • 6.2.4 Delaware


      • 6.2.5 Georgia


      • 6.2.6 Illinois


      • 6.2.7 Indiana


      • 6.2.8 Kentucky


      • 6.2.9 Louisiana


      • 6.2.10 Maine


      • 6.2.11 Maryland


      • 6.2.12 Massachusetts


      • 6.2.13 Michigan


      • 6.2.14 Mississippi


      • 6.2.15 Missouri


      • 6.2.16 New Hampshire


      • 6.2.17 New Jersey


      • 6.2.18 New York


      • 6.2.19 North Carolina


      • 6.2.20 Ohio


      • 6.2.21 Pennsylvania


      • 6.2.22 Rhode Island


      • 6.2.23 South Carolina


      • 6.2.24 Tennessee


      • 6.2.25 Vermont


      • 6.2.26 Virginia


      • 6.2.27 Non-voting members






  • 7 Changes in membership


    • 7.1 Senate


    • 7.2 House of Representatives




  • 8 Committees


    • 8.1 Senate


    • 8.2 House of Representatives


    • 8.3 Joint committees




  • 9 Employees


    • 9.1 Senate


    • 9.2 House of Representatives




  • 10 See also


  • 11 References


  • 12 External links





Major events





The modern balaam and his ass, an 1837 caricature placing the blame for the Panic of 1837 and the perilous state of the banking system on outgoing President Andrew Jackson, shown riding a donkey, while President Martin Van Buren comments approvingly.




  • March 4, 1837: Martin Van Buren became President of the United States

  • May 10, 1837: Panic of 1837

  • January 6, 1838: First public demonstration of Samuel Morse's telegraph

  • May 26, 1838: Trail of Tears: The Cherokee removal began



Major legislation



  • [Data unknown/missing.]


Territories organized


  • June 12, 1838: Iowa Territory was formed from the Wisconsin Territory.


Party summary



Senate





































































Party
(shading shows control)
Total
Vacant

Democratic
(D)

Whig
(W)
Other

End of the previous congress
(Jacksonian)

31
(Anti-Jacksonian)

19
(Nullifier)

2
52
0

Begin

35

17

0

52
0
End 16 1
Final voting share 7001673000000000000♠67.3% 7001308000000000000♠30.8% 7000190000000000000♠1.9%
Beginning of the next congress

28

19

0
47
5


House of Representatives























































































Party
(shading shows control)
Total
Vacant

Anti-
Masonic
(AM)

Democratic
(D)

Nullifier
(N)

Whig
(W)
Other

End of the previous congress

14
(Jacksonian)

139

7
(Anti-Jacksonian)

81

0
241
1

Begin

7

121

7

100

0

235
0
End 114 105 233 2
Final voting share 7000300000000000000♠3.0% 7001489000000000000♠48.9% 7000300000000000000♠3.0% 7001451000000000000♠45.1% 5000000000000000000♠0.0%
Non-voting members 0 2 0 0 1 3 0
Beginning of the next congress

6

124

0

109

2
241
1


Leadership




President of the Senate
Richard M. Johnson



Senate




  • President: Richard Mentor Johnson (D)


  • President pro tempore: William R. King (D)



House of Representatives



  • Speaker: James K. Polk (D)


Members


This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.


Skip to House of Representatives, below


Senate


Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1838; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1840; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1842.












House of Representatives


The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.












Changes in membership


The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.



Senate



  • Replacements: 6

    • Democrats: no net change

    • Whigs: no net change



  • Deaths: 1

  • Resignations: 6

  • Total seats with changes: 7




























































State
(class)
Vacator
Reason for change
Successor
Date of successor's
formal installation

Virginia
(2)

Richard E. Parker (D)
Resigned March 4, 1837, after accepting a seat on the Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals

William H. Roane (D)
Elected March 14, 1837

Alabama
(3)

John McKinley (D)
Resigned April 22, 1837, after being appointed Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court

Clement C. Clay (D)
Elected June 19, 1837

Georgia
(2)

John P. King (D)
Resigned November 1, 1837

Wilson Lumpkin (D)
Elected November 22, 1837

Maryland
(1)

Joseph Kent (W)
Died November 24, 1837

William D. Merrick (W)
Elected January 4, 1838

Mississippi
(1)

John Black (W)
Resigned January 22, 1838

James F. Trotter (D)
Appointed January 22, 1838

Tennessee
(1)

Felix Grundy (D)
Resigned July 4, 1838, after being appointed United States Attorney General

Ephraim H. Foster (W)
Elected September 17, 1838

Mississippi
(1)

James F. Trotter (D)
Resigned July 10, 1838

Thomas H. Williams (D)
Appointed November 12, 1838, and subsequently elected


House of Representatives



  • Replacements: 16

    • Democrats: 5-seat net loss

    • Whigs: 5-seat net gain



  • Deaths: 9

  • Resignations: 6

  • Contested election:1

  • Total seats with changes: 20







































































































































































District
Vacator
Reason for change
Successor
Date of successor's
formal installation

Mississippi At-large
Vacant
Rep-elect Claiborne presented credentials July 18, 1837

John F. H. Claiborne (D)
Seated July 18, 1837

Mississippi At-large
Vacant
Rep-elect Gholson presented credentials July 18, 1837

Samuel J. Gholson (D)
Seated July 18, 1837

Pennsylvania 3rd

Francis J. Harper (D)
Died March 18, 1837

Charles Naylor (W)
Seated June 29, 1837

Tennessee 4th

James I. Standifer (W)
Died August 20, 1837

William Stone (W)
Seated September 14, 1837

Ohio 17th

Elisha Whittlesey (W)
Resigned October 20, 1837

Charles D. Coffin (W)
Seated December 20, 1837

Mississippi At-large

John F. H. Claiborne (D)
Seat declared vacant February 5, 1838

Seargent S. Prentiss (W)
Seated May 30, 1838

Mississippi At-large

Samuel J. Gholson (D)
Seat declared vacant February 5, 1838

Thomas J. Word (W)
Seated May 30, 1838

Pennsylvania 9th

Henry A. P. Muhlenberg (D)
Resigned February 9, 1838, after being appointed Minister to Austrian Empire

George M. Keim (D)
Seated March 17, 1838

Maine 3rd

Jonathan Cilley (D)
Killed in a duel February 24, 1838, by Rep. William J. Graves

Edward Robinson (W)
Seated April 28, 1838

Maine 5th

Timothy J. Carter (D)
Died March 14, 1838

Virgil D. Parris (D)
Seated May 29, 1838

Maryland 4th

Isaac McKim (D)
Died April 1, 1838

John P. Kennedy (W)
Seated April 25, 1838

Virginia 13th

John M. Patton (D)
Resigned April 7, 1838

Linn Banks (D)
Seated April 28, 1838

Alabama 3rd

Joab Lawler (W)
Died May 8, 1838

George W. Crabb (W)
Seated October 5, 1835

Ohio 19th

Daniel Kilgore (D)
Resigned July 4, 1838

Henry Swearingen (D)
Seated December 3, 1838

Ohio 16th

Elisha Whittlesey (W)
Resigned July 9, 1838

Joshua R. Giddings (W)
Seated December 3, 1838

New York 22nd

Andrew D. Bruyn (D)
Died July 27, 1838

Cyrus Beers (D)
Seated December 3, 1838

New York 29th

William Patterson (W)
Died August 14, 1838

Harvey Putnam (W)
Seated November 7, 1838

Iowa Territory At-large
New seat
Iowa Territory seated its first delegate September 10, 1838

George Wallace Jones (D)
Seated September 10, 1838

Massachusetts 2nd

Stephen C. Phillips (W)
Seat declared vacant September 28, 1838

Leverett Saltonstall (W)
Seated December 15, 1838

Maine 1st

John Fairfield (D)
Resigned December 24, 1838, after being elected Governor of Maine
Vacant
Not filled this congress

Wisconsin Territory At-large

George Wallace Jones (D)
Lost contested election January 14, 1839

James D. Doty (D)
Seated January 14, 1839

Louisiana 2nd

Eleazar W. Ripley (D)
Died March 2, 1839
Vacant
Not filled this congress


Committees


Lists of committees and their party leaders.



Senate



  • Agriculture

  • Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate

  • Claims

  • Commerce


  • Danger of Steam Vessels (Select)


  • Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)

  • District of Columbia

  • Finance

  • Foreign Relations

  • Indian Affairs

  • Judiciary


  • Letter of Mr. Ruggles (Select)

  • Manufactures


  • Memorial of A. B. Quinby (Select)


  • Memorial of the Citizens of Georgetown (DC) for the Retrocession of that Part of the District (Select)


  • Memorial of Duff Green (Select)


  • Memorial of Edward D. Tippett (Select)


  • Mileage of Members of Congress (Select)

  • Military Affairs

  • Militia

  • Naval Affairs


  • Occupation of the Columbia River (Select)


  • Oregon Territory (Select)

  • Patents and the Patent Office

  • Pensions

  • Post Office and Post Roads

  • Private Land Claims

  • Public Buildings and Grounds

  • Public Lands


  • Purchasing Boyd Reilly's Gas Apparatus (Select)

  • Revolutionary Claims

  • Roads and Canals


  • Tariff Regulation (Select)

  • Whole



House of Representatives



  • Accounts

  • Agriculture


  • Amendment to the Constitution (Select)

  • Claims

  • Commerce

  • District of Columbia

  • Elections

  • Expenditures in the Navy Department

  • Expenditures in the Post Office Department

  • Expenditures in the State Department

  • Expenditures in the Treasury Department

  • Expenditures in the War Department

  • Expenditures on Public Buildings

  • Foreign Affairs

  • Indian Affairs

  • Invalid Pensions

  • Manufactures

  • Mileage

  • Military Affairs

  • Militia

  • Naval Affairs

  • Patents

  • Post Office and Post Roads

  • Public Buildings and Grounds

  • Public Expenditures

  • Public Lands

  • Revisal and Unfinished Business

  • Revolutionary Claims

  • Roads and Canals


  • Rules (Select)

  • Standards of Official Conduct

  • Territories

  • Ways and Means

  • Whole



Joint committees


  • Enrolled Bills


Employees



  • Librarian of Congress: John Silva Meehan


Senate




  • Chaplain: John R. Goodman (Episcopalian), elected December 28, 1836

    • Henry Slicer (Methodist), elected September 11, 1837



  • Secretary: Asbury Dickens


  • Sergeant at Arms: John Shackford (died)

    • Stephen Haight, elected September 4, 1837




House of Representatives




  • Chaplain: Septimus Tustin (Presbyterian), elected September 4, 1837

    • Levi R. Reese (Methodist), elected December 4, 1837



  • Clerk: Walter S. Franklin, until September 20, 1838 (died)

    • Hugh A. Garland, elected December 3, 1838



  • Doorkeeper: Overton Carr


  • Postmaster: William J. McCormick


  • Reading Clerks: [Data unknown/missing.]


  • Sergeant at Arms: Roderick Dorsey



See also




  • United States elections, 1836 (elections leading to this Congress)

    • United States presidential election, 1836

    • United States Senate elections, 1836 and 1837

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1836




  • United States elections, 1838 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)

    • United States Senate elections, 1838 and 1839

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1838





References






  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.



External links



  • Statutes at Large, 1789-1875

  • Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress

  • House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress

  • Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress

  • U.S. House of Representatives: House History

  • U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists


  • Congressional Directory for the 25th Congress, 3rd Session.









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