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39th United States Congress
	; ; 38th ←; → 40th; ;
	; ; United States Capitol (1877);
March 4, 1865 – March 4, 1867
Senate President	; Andrew Johnson (D) ; until April 15, 1865 ; Vacant ; from April 15, 1865;
Senate Pres. pro tem	; Lafayette S. Foster (R); Benjamin Wade (R)
House Speaker	; Schuyler Colfax (R)
Members	; 54 senators; 193 representatives; 9 non-voting delegates
Senate Majority	; Republican;
House Majority	; Republican;
Sessions
	; Special: March 4, 1865 – March 11, 1865; 1st: December 4, 1865 – July 28, 1866; 2nd: December 3, 1866 – March 4, 1867

The Thirty-ninth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1865, to March 4, 1867, during the first month of Abraham Lincoln's fifth year as president, and the first two years of the administration of his successor, U.S. President Andrew Johnson.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Eighth Census of the United States in 1860. Both chambers had a Republican majority.

7 Members
- 7.1 Senate
  - 7.1.1 Alabama
  - 7.1.2 Arkansas
  - 7.1.3 California
  - 7.1.4 Connecticut
  - 7.1.5 Delaware
  - 7.1.6 Florida
  - 7.1.7 Georgia
  - 7.1.8 Illinois
  - 7.1.9 Indiana
  - 7.1.10 Iowa
  - 7.1.11 Kansas
  - 7.1.12 Kentucky
  - 7.1.13 Louisiana
  - 7.1.14 Maine
  - 7.1.15 Maryland
  - 7.1.16 Massachusetts
  - 7.1.17 Michigan
  - 7.1.18 Minnesota
  - 7.1.19 Mississippi
  - 7.1.20 Missouri
  - 7.1.21 Nebraska
  - 7.1.22 Nevada
  - 7.1.23 New Hampshire
  - 7.1.24 New Jersey
  - 7.1.25 New York
  - 7.1.26 North Carolina
  - 7.1.27 Ohio
  - 7.1.28 Oregon
  - 7.1.29 Pennsylvania
  - 7.1.30 Rhode Island
  - 7.1.31 South Carolina
  - 7.1.32 Tennessee
  - 7.1.33 Texas
  - 7.1.34 Vermont
  - 7.1.35 Virginia
  - 7.1.36 West Virginia
  - 7.1.37 Wisconsin
- 7.2 House of Representatives
  - 7.2.1 Alabama
  - 7.2.2 Arkansas
  - 7.2.3 California
  - 7.2.4 Connecticut
  - 7.2.5 Delaware
  - 7.2.6 Florida
  - 7.2.7 Georgia
  - 7.2.8 Illinois
  - 7.2.9 Indiana
  - 7.2.10 Iowa
  - 7.2.11 Kansas
  - 7.2.12 Kentucky
  - 7.2.13 Louisiana
  - 7.2.14 Maine
  - 7.2.15 Maryland
  - 7.2.16 Massachusetts
  - 7.2.17 Michigan
  - 7.2.18 Minnesota
  - 7.2.19 Mississippi
  - 7.2.20 Missouri
  - 7.2.21 Nebraska
  - 7.2.22 Nevada
  - 7.2.23 New Hampshire
  - 7.2.24 New Jersey
  - 7.2.25 New York
  - 7.2.26 North Carolina
  - 7.2.27 Ohio
  - 7.2.28 Oregon
  - 7.2.29 Pennsylvania
  - 7.2.30 Rhode Island
  - 7.2.31 South Carolina
  - 7.2.32 Tennessee
  - 7.2.33 Texas
  - 7.2.34 Vermont
  - 7.2.35 Virginia
  - 7.2.36 West Virginia
  - 7.2.37 Wisconsin
  - 7.2.38 Non-voting members

8 Changes in membership
- 8.1 Senate
- 8.2 House of Representatives

9 Committees
- 9.1 Senate
- 9.2 House of Representatives
- 9.3 Joint committees

10 Caucuses

11 Employees
- 11.1 Senate
- 11.2 House of Representatives

12 See also

13 References

14 Further reading

15 External links

Major events

March 4, 1865: Second inauguration of President Abraham Lincoln.

April 9, 1865: Surrender of Confederate forces at Appomattox Court House, effectively ending the American Civil War

April 15, 1865: Assassination of President Abraham Lincoln, Vice President Andrew Johnson became President of the United States

December 11, 1865: Creation of the House Appropriations Committee and the House Banking and Commerce Committee, reducing the tasks of the House Ways and Means Committee

January, 1866: The second and current United States Capitol dome completed after 11 years of work.

July 24, 1866: Tennessee became the first U.S. state to be readmitted to the Union following the American Civil War.

November 5, 1866: United States House of Representatives elections, 1866

January 8, 1867: African American men are granted the right to vote in the District of Columbia

Major legislation

April 9, 1866: Civil Rights Act of 1866, Sess. 1, ch. 31, 14 Stat. 27

July 16, 1866: Freedmen's Bureau Bill, Sess. 1, ch. 200, 14 Stat. 173

July 23, 1866: Judicial Circuits Act, Sess. 1, ch. 210, 14 Stat. 209, reduced the number of United States circuit courts to nine and the number of Supreme Court justices to seven

July 25, 1866: An Act to revive the Grade of General in the United States Army, Sess. 1, ch. 232, 14 Stat. 223, (now called "5-star general"); Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant became the first to have this rank.

July 28, 1866: Metric Act of 1866, Sess. 1, ch. 301, 14 Stat. 339, legalized the use of the metric system for weights and measures in the United States.

Constitutional amendments

December 18, 1865: Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution declared ratified

June 13, 1866: Approved an amendment to the Constitution addressing citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws, and submitted it to the state legislatures for ratification^[1]
- Amendment was later ratified on July 9, 1868, becoming the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution^[2]

States admitted

July 24, 1866: Tennessee readmitted to representation.

March 1, 1867: Nebraska admitted as the 37th state, Sess. 2, ch. 36, 14 Stat. 391 (over president's veto)

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

During this Congress, two seats were added for the new state of Nebraska.

	Party (shading shows control)				Total	Vacant

	Democratic (D)	Republican (R)	Unionist (U)	Unconditional Unionist (UU)
End of the previous congress	10	33	3	4	50	22

Begin	9	37	1	1	48	24
End	8	41	3	2	54	20
Final voting share	7001148000000000000♠14.8%	7001759000000000000♠75.9%	7000560000000099999♠5.6%	7000370000000000000♠3.7%

Beginning of the next congress	8	45	0	0	53	21

House of Representatives

During this Congress, one seat was added for the new state of Nebraska.

Affiliation	Party (Shading indicates majority/plurality caucus)						Total

	Democratic (D)	Republican (R)	Independent Republican (IR)	Unionist (U)	Unconditional Unionist (UU)	Other		Vacant
End of previous Congress	72	84	2	9	16	0	183	56

Begin	40	132	1	4	14	0	191	51
End	41	134	1	4	13	0	193	49
Final voting share	21.2%	69.9%		2.1%	6.7%	0.0%

Beginning of the next Congress	45	140	1	0	0	2	188	55

Leadership

President of the Senate
Andrew Johnson, until April 15, 1865

Senate

President: Andrew Johnson (D), until April 15, 1865; vacant thereafter.

President pro tempore: Lafayette S. Foster (R), until March 2, 1867
- Benjamin F. Wade (R), elected March 2, 1867

Republican Conference Chairman: Henry B. Anthony

House of Representatives

Speaker: Schuyler Colfax (R)

Republican Conference Chairman: Justin S. Morrill

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1868; Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1870; and Class 3 meant their term ended in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1866.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Alabama

2. Vacant

3. Vacant

Arkansas

2. Vacant

3. Vacant

California

3. James A. McDougall (D)

1. John Conness (R)

Connecticut

3. Lafayette S. Foster (R)

1. James Dixon (R)

Delaware

2. Willard Saulsbury, Sr. (D)

1. George Read Riddle (D)

Florida

1. Vacant

3. Vacant

Georgia

2. Vacant

3. Vacant

Illinois

3. Lyman Trumbull (R)

2. Richard Yates (R)

Indiana

3. Henry S. Lane (R)

1. Thomas A. Hendricks (D)

Iowa

3. James Harlan (R), until May 15, 1865
- Samuel J. Kirkwood (R), from January 13, 1866

2. James W. Grimes (R)

Kansas

3. Samuel C. Pomeroy (R)

2. James H. Lane (R), until July 11, 1866
- Edmund G. Ross (R), from July 19, 1866

Kentucky

3. Garrett Davis (U)

2. James Guthrie (D)

Louisiana

2. Vacant

3. Vacant

Maine

1. Lot M. Morrill (R)

2. William Pitt Fessenden (R)

Maryland

1. Reverdy Johnson (D)

3. John A. J. Creswell (UU), from March 9, 1865

Massachusetts

1. Charles Sumner (R)

2. Henry Wilson (R)

Michigan

1. Zachariah Chandler (R)

2. Jacob M. Howard (R)

Minnesota

1. Alexander Ramsey (R)

2. Daniel S. Norton (R)

Mississippi

1. Vacant

2. Vacant

Missouri

1. John B. Henderson (R)

3. B. Gratz Brown (R)

Nebraska

2. John M. Thayer (R), from March 1, 1867 (newly admitted state)

1. Thomas Tipton (R), from March 1, 1867 (newly admitted state)

Nevada

1. William M. Stewart (R)

3. James W. Nye (R)

New Hampshire

3. Daniel Clark (R), until July 27, 1866
- George G. Fogg (R), from August 31, 1866

2. Aaron H. Cragin (R)

New Jersey

1. William Wright (D), until November 1, 1866
- Frederick T. Frelinghuysen (R), from November 12, 1866

2. John P. Stockton (D), March 15, 1865 – March 27, 1866
- Alexander G. Cattell (R), from September 19, 1866

New York

3. Ira Harris (R)

1. Edwin D. Morgan (R)

North Carolina

2. Vacant

3. Vacant

Ohio

1. Benjamin F. Wade (R)

3. John Sherman (R)

Oregon

3. James W. Nesmith (D)

2. George H. Williams (R)

Pennsylvania

3. Edgar Cowan (R)

1. Charles R. Buckalew (D)

Rhode Island

2. Henry B. Anthony (R)

1. William Sprague (R)

South Carolina

2. Vacant

3. Vacant

Tennessee

2. Joseph S. Fowler (U), from July 24, 1866

1. David T. Patterson (U), from July 28, 1866

Texas

1. Vacant

2. Vacant

Vermont

1. Solomon Foot (R), until March 28, 1866
- George F. Edmunds (R), from April 3, 1866

3. Jacob Collamer (R), until November 9, 1865
- Luke P. Poland (R), from November 21, 1865

Virginia

1. Vacant

2. Vacant

West Virginia

1. Peter G. Van Winkle (UU)

2. Waitman T. Willey (R)

Wisconsin

1. James R. Doolittle (R)

3. Timothy O. Howe (R)

Senate President pro tempore
Lafayette S. Foster, until March 2, 1867

Senate President pro tempore
Benjamin F. Wade, from March 2, 1867

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Alabama

1. Vacant

2. Vacant

3. Vacant

4. Vacant

5. Vacant

6. Vacant

Arkansas

1. Vacant

2. Vacant

3. Vacant

California

(3 Republicans)

1. Donald C. McRuer (R)

2. William Higby (R)

3. John Bidwell (R)

Connecticut

(4 Republicans)

1. Henry C. Deming (R)

2. Samuel L. Warner (R)

3. Augustus Brandegee (R)

4. John H. Hubbard (R)

Delaware

(1 Democrat)

At-large. John A. Nicholson (D)

Florida

At-large. Vacant

Georgia

1. Vacant

2. Vacant

3. Vacant

4. Vacant

5. Vacant

6. Vacant

7. Vacant

Illinois

(11-3 Republican)

1. John Wentworth (R)

2. John F. Farnsworth (R)

3. Elihu B. Washburne (R)

4. Abner C. Harding (R)

5. Ebon C. Ingersoll (R)

6. Burton C. Cook (R)

7. Henry P. H. Bromwell (R)

8. Shelby M. Cullom (R)

9. Lewis W. Ross (D)

10. Anthony Thornton (D)

11. Samuel S. Marshall (D)

12. Jehu Baker (R)

13. Andrew J. Kuykendall (R)

At-large. Samuel W. Moulton (R)

Indiana

(8-3 Republican)

1. William E. Niblack (D)

2. Michael C. Kerr (D)

3. Ralph Hill (R)

4. John H. Farquhar (R)

5. George W. Julian (R)

6. Ebenezer Dumont (R)

7. Daniel W. Voorhees (D), until February 23, 1866
- Henry D. Washburn (R), from February 23, 1866

8. Godlove S. Orth (R)

9. Schuyler Colfax (R)

10. Joseph H. Defrees (R)

11. Thomas N. Stilwell (R)

Iowa

(6 Republicans)

1. James F. Wilson (R)

2. Hiram Price (R)

3. William B. Allison (R)

4. Josiah B. Grinnell (R)

5. John A. Kasson (R)

6. Asahel W. Hubbard (R)

Kansas

(1 Republican)

At-large. Sidney Clarke (R)

Kentucky

(5-4 Democratic)

1. Lawrence S. Trimble (D)

2. Burwell C. Ritter (D)

3. Henry Grider (D), until September 7, 1866
- Elijah Hise (D), from December 3, 1866

4. Aaron Harding (D)

5. Lovell H. Rousseau (UU), until July 21, 1866, and from December 3, 1866

6. Green C. Smith (UU), until July ??, 1866
- Andrew H. Ward (D), from December 3, 1866

7. George S. Shanklin (D)

8. William H. Randall (UU)

9. Samuel McKee (UU)

Louisiana

1. Vacant

2. Vacant

3. Vacant

4. Vacant

5. Vacant

Maine

(5 Republicans)

1. John Lynch (R)

2. Sidney Perham (R)

3. James G. Blaine (R)

4. John H. Rice (R)

5. Frederick A. Pike (R)

Maryland

(3-2 Unconditional Unionist)

1. Hiram McCullough (D)

2. Edwin H. Webster (UU), until July ??, 1865
- John L. Thomas Jr. (UU), from December 4, 1865

3. Charles E. Phelps (UU)

4. Francis Thomas (UU)

5. Benjamin G. Harris (D)

Massachusetts

(10 Republicans)

1. Thomas D. Eliot (R)

2. Oakes Ames (R)

3. Alexander H. Rice (R)

4. Samuel Hooper (R)

5. John B. Alley (R)

6. Daniel W. Gooch (R), until September 1, 1865
- Nathaniel P. Banks (R), from December 4, 1865

7. George S. Boutwell (R)

8. John D. Baldwin (R)

9. William B. Washburn (R)

10. Henry L. Dawes (R)

Michigan

(6 Republicans)

1. Fernando C. Beaman (R)

2. Charles Upson (R)

3. John W. Longyear (R)

4. Thomas W. Ferry (R)

5. Rowland E. Trowbridge (R)

6. John F. Driggs (R)

Minnesota

(2 Republicans)

1. William Windom (R)

2. Ignatius L. Donnelly (R)

Mississippi

1. Vacant

2. Vacant

3. Vacant

4. Vacant

5. Vacant

Missouri

(8-1 Republican)

1. John Hogan (D)

2. Henry T. Blow (R)

3. Thomas E. Noell (R)

4. John R. Kelso (IR)

5. Joseph W. McClurg (R)

6. Robert T. Van Horn (R)

7. Benjamin F. Loan (R)

8. John F. Benjamin (R)

9. George W. Anderson (R)

Nebraska

(1 Republican)

At-large. Turner M. Marquette (R), from March 2, 1867 (newly admitted state)

Nevada

(1 Republican)

At-large. Delos R. Ashley (R)

New Hampshire

(3 Republicans)

1. Gilman Marston (R)

2. Edward H. Rollins (R)

3. James W. Patterson (R)

New Jersey

(3-2 Democratic)

1. John F. Starr (R)

2. William A. Newell (R)

3. Charles Sitgreaves (D)

4. Andrew J. Rogers (D)

5. Edwin R. V. Wright (D)

New York

(20–11 Republican)

1. Stephen Taber (D)

2. Teunis G. Bergen (D)

3. James Humphrey (R), until June 16, 1866
- John W. Hunter (D), from December 4, 1866

4. Morgan Jones (D)

5. Nelson Taylor (D)

6. Henry J. Raymond (R)

7. John W. Chanler (D)

8. James Brooks (D), until April 7, 1866
- William E. Dodge (R), from April 7, 1866

9. William A. Darling (R)

10. William Radford (D)

11. Charles H. Winfield (D)

12. John H. Ketcham (R)

13. Edwin N. Hubbell (D)

14. Charles Goodyear (D)

15. John A. Griswold (R)

16. Orlando Kellogg (R), until August 24, 1865
- Robert S. Hale (R), from December 3, 1865

17. Calvin T. Hulburd (R)

18. James M. Marvin (R)

19. Demas Hubbard Jr. (R)

20. Addison H. Laflin (R)

21. Roscoe Conkling (R)

22. Sidney T. Holmes (R)

23. Thomas T. Davis (R)

24. Theodore M. Pomeroy (R)

25. Daniel Morris (R)

26. Giles W. Hotchkiss (R)

27. Hamilton Ward Sr. (R)

28. Roswell Hart (R)

29. Burt Van Horn (R)

30. James M. Humphrey (D)

31. Henry H. Van Aernam (R)

North Carolina

1. Vacant

2. Vacant

3. Vacant

4. Vacant

5. Vacant

6. Vacant

7. Vacant

Ohio

(17-2 Republican)

1. Benjamin Eggleston (R)

2. Rutherford B. Hayes (R)

3. Robert C. Schenck (R)

4. William Lawrence (R)

5. Francis C. Le Blond (D)

6. Reader W. Clarke (R)

7. Samuel Shellabarger (R)

8. James R. Hubbell (R)

9. Ralph P. Buckland (R)

10. James M. Ashley (R)

11. Hezekiah S. Bundy (R)

12. William E. Finck (D)

13. Columbus Delano (R)

14. Martin Welker (R)

15. Tobias A. Plants (R)

16. John A. Bingham (R)

17. Ephraim R. Eckley (R)

18. Rufus P. Spalding (R)

19. James A. Garfield (R)

Oregon

(1 Republican)

At-large. James H. D. Henderson (R)

Pennsylvania

(15-9 Republican)

1. Samuel J. Randall (D)

2. Charles O'Neill (R)

3. Leonard Myers (R)

4. William D. Kelley (R)

5. M. Russell Thayer (R)

6. Benjamin M. Boyer (D)

7. John M. Broomall (R)

8. Sydenham E. Ancona (D)

9. Thaddeus Stevens (R)

10. Myer Strouse (D)

11. Philip Johnson (D), until January 29, 1867

12. Charles Denison (D)

13. Ulysses Mercur (R)

14. George F. Miller (R)

15. Adam J. Glossbrenner (D)

16. Alexander H. Coffroth (D), February 19, 1866 – July 18, 1866
- William H. Koontz (R), from July 18, 1866

17. Abraham A. Barker (R)

18. Stephen F. Wilson (R)

19. Glenni W. Scofield (R)

20. Charles V. Culver (R)

21. John L. Dawson (D)

22. James K. Moorhead (R)

23. Thomas Williams (R)

24. George V. Lawrence (R)

Rhode Island

(2 Republicans)

1. Thomas A. Jenckes (R)

2. Nathan F. Dixon, Jr. (R)

South Carolina

1. Vacant

2. Vacant

3. Vacant

4. Vacant

Tennessee

(8 Unconditional Unionists)

1. Nathaniel G. Taylor (U), from July 24, 1866

2. Horace Maynard (UU), from July 24, 1866

3. William B. Stokes (UU), from July 24, 1866

4. Edmund Cooper (U), from July 24, 1866

5. William B. Campbell (U), from July 24, 1866

6. Samuel M. Arnell (UU), from July 24, 1866

7. Isaac R. Hawkins (U), from July 24, 1866

8. John W. Leftwich (UU), from July 24, 1866

Texas

1. Vacant

2. Vacant

3. Vacant

4. Vacant

Vermont

(3 Republicans)

1. Frederick E. Woodbridge (R)

2. Justin S. Morrill (R)

3. Portus Baxter (R)

Virginia

1. Vacant

2. Vacant

3. Vacant

4. Vacant

5. Vacant

6. Vacant

7. Vacant

8. Vacant

West Virginia

(3 Unconditional Unionists)

1. Chester D. Hubbard (UU)

2. George R. Latham (UU)

3. Kellian V. Whaley (UU)

Wisconsin

(5-1 Republican)

1. Halbert E. Paine (R)

2. Ithamar C. Sloan (R)

3. Amasa Cobb (R)

4. Charles A. Eldredge (D)

5. Philetus Sawyer (R)

6. Walter D. McIndoe (R)

Non-voting members

(6-3 Republican)

Arizona Territory. John N. Goodwin (R)

Colorado Territory. Allen A. Bradford (R)

Dakota Territory. Walter A. Burleigh (R)

Idaho Territory. Edward D. Holbrook (D)

Montana Territory. Samuel McLean (D)

Nebraska Territory. Phineas W. Hitchcock (R), until March 1, 1867

New Mexico Territory. J. Francisco Chaves (R)

Utah Territory. William H. Hooper (D)

Washington Territory. Arthur A. Denny (R)

House seats by party holding plurality in state
80.1-100% Democratic	80.1-100% Republican
60.1-80% Democratic	60.1-80% Republican
Up to 60% Democratic	Up to 60% Republican

Speaker of the House
Schuyler Colfax

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

replacements: 8
- Democratic: 2-seat net loss
- Republican: 2-seat net gain
- Unionist: no net change
- Unconditional Union: no net change

deaths: 4

resignations: 2

vacancy: 1

seats of newly admitted states: 2

seats of re-admitted states: 2

Total seats with changes: 12

State (class)	Vacator	Reason for change	Successor	Date of successor's formal installation
Maryland (3)	Vacant	Sen. Thomas Hicks had died during previous congress. Successor elected March 9, 1865.	John Creswell (UU)	March 9, 1865
New Jersey (2)	Vacant	Although elected in time for this Congress, the Senator-elect was not seated until March 15, 1865. Senator was later removed in election dispute, see below.	John P. Stockton (D)	March 15, 1865
Tennessee (2)	Vacant	Tennessee re-admitted to the Union. Senators were elected July 24, 1866.	Joseph S. Fowler (U)	July 24, 1866
Tennessee (1)	Vacant		David T. Patterson (U)	July 28, 1866
Iowa (3)	James Harlan (R)	Resigned May 15, 1865, after being appointed U.S. Secretary of the Interior. Successor elected January 13, 1866.	Samuel J. Kirkwood (R)	January 13, 1866
Vermont (3)	Jacob Collamer (R)	Died November 9, 1865. Successor was appointed November 21, 1865, to continue the term. Appointee was elected October 24, 1866, to finish the term.^[3]	Luke P. Poland (R)	November 21, 1865
New Jersey (2)	John P. Stockton (D)	Disputed election led to Senate vacating the seat March 27, 1866. Successor elected September 19, 1866.	Alexander G. Cattell (R)	September 16, 1866
Vermont (1)	Solomon Foot (R)	Died March 28, 1866. Successor was appointed April 3, 1866, to continue the term. Appointee was elected October 24, 1866, to finish the term.^[3]	George F. Edmunds (R)	April 3, 1866
Kansas (2)	James H. Lane (R)	Died July 11, 1866, after being mortally wounded from a self-inflicted gunshot 10 days earlier Successor was appointed July 19, 1866, to continue the term. Appointee was elected January 23, 1867, to finish the term.^[4]	Edmund G. Ross (R)	July 19, 1866
New Hampshire (3)	Daniel Clark (R)	Resigned July 27, 1866, after being appointed Judge of the U.S. District Court for the District of New Hampshire. Successor was appointed August 31, 1866.	George G. Fogg (R)	August 31, 1866
New Jersey (1)	William Wright (D)	Died November 1, 1866. Successor was appointed November 12, 1866. Appointee was elected January 23, 1867, to finish the term.^[5]	Frederick T. Frelinghuysen (R)	November 12, 1866
Nebraska (1)	New seat	Nebraska admitted to the Union March 1, 1867.	Thomas Tipton (R)	March 1, 1867
Nebraska (2)	New seat	Nebraska admitted to the Union March 1, 1867.	John M. Thayer (R)	March 1, 1867

House of Representatives

replacements: 9
- Democratic: 1-seat net gain
- Republican: 2-seat net gain
- Unconditional Unionist: 1 seat net loss
- Unionist: 0 net change

deaths: 4

resignations: 4

contested election: 3

seats from newly admitted states: 1

seats from re-admitted states: 8

Total seats with changes: 21

District	Vacator	Reason for change	Successor	Date of successor's formal installation
Tennessee 1st	Vacant	Tennessee re-admitted into the Union	Nathaniel G. Taylor (U)	July 24, 1866
Tennessee 2nd			Horace Maynard (UU)
Tennessee 3rd			William B. Stokes (UU)
Tennessee 4th			Edmund Cooper (U)
Tennessee 5th			William B. Campbell (U)
Tennessee 6th			Samuel M. Arnell (UU)
Tennessee 7th			Isaac R. Hawkins (U)
Tennessee 8th			John W. Leftwich (UU)
Maryland 2nd	Edwin H. Webster (UU)	Resigned some time in July, 1865 after being appointed Collector of Customs for the port of Baltimore	John L. Thomas Jr. (UU)	December 4, 1865
New York 16th	Orlando Kellogg (R)	Died August 24, 1865	Robert S. Hale (R)	December 3, 1865
Massachusetts 6th	Daniel W. Gooch (R)	Resigned September 1, 1865, after being appointed Navy Agent for the port of Boston	Nathaniel P. Banks (R)	December 4, 1865
Pennsylvania 16th	Alexander H. Coffroth (D)	Lost contested election February 19, 1866	William H. Koontz (R)	July 18, 1866
Indiana 7th	Daniel W. Voorhees (D)	Lost contested election February 23, 1866	Henry D. Washburn (R)	February 23, 1866
New York 8th	James Brooks (D)	Lost contested election April 7, 1866	William E. Dodge (R)	April 7, 1866
New York 3rd	James Humphrey (R)	Died June 16, 1866	John W. Hunter (D)	December 4, 1866
Kentucky 6th	Green C. Smith (UU)	Resigned some time in July, 1866 after being appointed Governor of the Montana Territory.	Andrew H. Ward (D)	December 3, 1866
Kentucky 5th	Lovell Rousseau (UU)	Resigned July 21, 1866, after being reprimanded for his assault of Iowa Rep. Josiah B. Grinnell. Was re-elected to fill his own seat.	Lovell Rousseau (UU)	December 3, 1866
Kentucky 3rd	Henry Grider (D)	Died September 7, 1866	Elijah Hise (D)	December 3, 1866
Pennsylvania 11th	Philip Johnson (D)	Died January 29, 1867	Vacant	Not filled this term
Nebraska Territory At-large	Phineas Hitchcock (R)	Nebraska achieved statehood March 1, 1867	District eliminated
Nebraska At-large	New State	Nebraska admitted to the Union March 1, 1867. Seat remained vacant until March 2, 1867	Turner M. Marquette (R)	March 2, 1867

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (1 link), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate

Agriculture

Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate

Claims

Coins, Weights and Measures (Select)

Commerce

Compensation (Select)

Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)

District of Columbia

Finance

Foreign Relations

Indian Affairs

Interior Department Clerical Force (Select)

Judiciary

Manufactures

Military Affairs

Mines and Mining

Mississippi River Levees Reconstruction (Select)

National Banks (Select)

National Telegraph Company (Select)

Naval Affairs

Ordnance and War Ships (Select)

Pacific Railroad

Patents and the Patent Office

Pensions

Post Office and Post Roads

Private Land Claims

Public Lands

Retrenchment

Revolutionary Claims

Tariff Regulation (Select)

Territories

Whole

House of Representatives

Accounts

Agriculture

Appropriations

Banking and Currency

Claims

Commerce

District of Columbia

Elections

Expenditures in the Interior Department

Expenditures in the Navy Department

Expenditures in the Post Office Department

Expenditures in the State Department

Expenditures in the Treasury Department

Expenditures in the War Department

Expenditures on Public Buildings

Foreign Affairs

Freedmen's Affairs

Indian Affairs

Invalid Pensions

Manufactures

Mileage

Military Affairs

Militia

Mines and Mining

Naval Affairs

Pacific Railroads

Patents

Post Office and Post Roads

Public Buildings and Grounds

Public Expenditures

Public Lands

Revisal and Unfinished Business

Revolutionary Claims

Roads and Canals

Rules (Select)

Standards of Official Conduct

Territories

Ways and Means

Whole

Joint committees

Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)

Conduct of the War

Enrolled Bills

Retrenchment

To Inquire into the Condition of the States which Formed the So-Called Confederate States

Caucuses

Democratic (House)

Democratic (Senate)

Employees

Architect of the Capitol: Thomas U. Walter, resigned May 26, 1865
- Edward Clark, appointed August 30, 1865

Librarian of Congress: Ainsworth Rand Spofford

Senate

Chaplain: Edgar H. Gray (Baptist)

Secretary: John W. Forney

Sergeant at Arms: George T. Brown

House of Representatives

Chaplain: Charles B. Boynton (Congregationalist)

Clerk: Edward McPherson

Doorkeeper: Ira Goodnow

Messenger to the Speaker: William D. Todd

Postmaster: Joshua Given

Reading Clerks: [Data unknown/missing.]

Sergeant at Arms: Nehemiah G. Ordway

References

^ "The Constitution: Amendments 11–27". National Archives. Archived from the original on 5 May 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-04..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}

^ Huckabee, David C. (September 30, 1997). "Ratification of Amendments to the U.S. Constitution" (PDF). Congressional Research Service reports. Washington D.C.: Congressional Research Service, The Library of Congress.

^ ^a^b Byrd & Wolff, page 176

^ Byrd & Wolff, page 108

^ Byrd & Wolff, page 142

External links

Statutes at Large, 1789–1875

Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress

House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress

Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress

U.S. House of Representatives: House History

U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists

Congressional Directory for the 39th Congress, 1st Session.

Congressional Directory for the 39th Congress, 2nd Session.

[1] "The Constitution: Amendments 11–27". National Archives. Archived from the original on 5 May 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-04..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}

[2] Huckabee, David C. (September 30, 1997). "Ratification of Amendments to the U.S. Constitution" (PDF). Congressional Research Service reports. Washington D.C.: Congressional Research Service, The Library of Congress.

[ByrdVT-3] Byrd & Wolff, page 176

[ByrdKS-4] Byrd & Wolff, page 108

[ByrdNJ-5] Byrd & Wolff, page 142

39th United States Congress
38th ← → 40th
United States Capitol (1877)
March 4, 1865 – March 4, 1867
Senate President	Andrew Johnson (D) until April 15, 1865 Vacant from April 15, 1865
Senate Pres. pro tem	Lafayette S. Foster (R) Benjamin Wade (R)
House Speaker	Schuyler Colfax (R)
Members	54 senators 193 representatives 9 non-voting delegates
Senate Majority	Republican
House Majority	Republican
Sessions
Special: March 4, 1865 – March 11, 1865 1st: December 4, 1865 – July 28, 1866 2nd: December 3, 1866 – March 4, 1867

39th United States Congress

Contents

Major events

Major legislation

Constitutional amendments

States admitted

Party summary

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate

House of Representatives

Members

Senate

Alabama

Arkansas

California

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New York

North Carolina

Ohio

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

Tennessee

Texas

Vermont

Virginia

West Virginia

Wisconsin

House of Representatives

Alabama

Arkansas

California

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New York

North Carolina

Ohio

Oregon