Vfrdtyky

Opern- und Schauspielhaus Frankfurt
	; Oper Frankfurt (right) and Schauspiel in 2014;
Formation	1961
Location	; Frankfurt, Germany;
Intendant	Bernd Loebe
Website	www.buehnen-frankfurt.de

Building at night (2006)

The building from above

interior

Opern- und Schauspielhaus Frankfurt (Opera and Play House) is the official name of the opera and drama theatres in Frankfurt am Main. The Oper Frankfurt (Frankfurt Opera) is one of the leading opera houses in Europe, and voted best "Opera house of the year" several times since 2003. Its orchestra is the Frankfurter Opern- und Museumsorchester.
The present opera- and playhouse was built after World War II, because the historical building was destroyed. The former opera house was reconstructed as the Alte Oper which serves as a concert hall. Today's venue for Baroque and contemporary opera is the Bockenheimer Depot, a former tram depot.

History

Frankfurt's first opera was Johann Theile's Adam und Eva, performed in 1698 by Johann Velten's touring company. The young Goethe's first operas in his home town of Frankfurt were productions by Theobold Marchand's company.^[1]

1918-1944

During the 1920s the opera in Frankfurt had more prominent Jewish singers than any other company in Germany, including the tenor Hermann Schramm, bass Hans Erl (the first King in Schreker's Der Schatzgräber), baritone Richard Breitenfeld and contralto Magda Spiegel, who also toured with Frankfurt Opera performing Wagner in the Netherlands. These singers were forced to leave the opera in June 1933, though the opera's director Hans Meissner was able to persuade the mayor to speak up for Schramm, who had a non-Jewish wife. Other Jewish members of the opera company among those rounded up at 9 November 1938 at the Festhalle Frankfurt, where Erl sang In diesen Heilgen Hallen, from the Magic Flute for the deportees. Members of Frankfurt Opera were sent to Auschwitz and other camps where they perished. Schramm survived, living to testify against the Frankfurt Gestapo officer Heinrich Baab in 1951.

1945 - 1970s

The opera house was damaged in an air raid in January 1944, and then almost completely destroyed in March. After the war money was tight.^[2] A new house for opera and play was built, completed in 1962.

The Gielen Era

From 1978 to 1988 Frankfurt Opera was led by Michael Gielen.^[3] This decade became known as the "Gielen Era",^[4] notable for the music of a conductor who was also a composer, and directors including Ruth Berghaus and Hans Neuenfels, whose productions of standard works such as Verdi's Aida or Wagner's Ring Cycle were thought-provoking. Operas which received their world premieres at the house were also performed again, including Franz Schreker's Die Gezeichneten.^[4]

1989 to date

Many famous singers started their career with the company, including Franz Völker, Edda Moser, Cheryl Studer and Diana Damrau), and many established artists have been engaged there in recent seasons including Christian Gerhaher, whose roles here have included Monteverdi's L'Orfeo and his first Wolfram in Tannhäuser, Piotr Beczała in Massenet's Werther and Jan-Hendrik Rootering in Wagner's Parsifal.

Music Director, since 2008, is Sebastian Weigle, General Manager, since 2002, Bernd Loebe [de]. Weigle's new productions there have included Strauss' Die Frau ohne Schatten, Daphne and Arabella, Korngold's Die tote Stadt, Reimann's Lear and Die Fledermaus by Johann Strauß. He has also conducted performances of Mozart's Die Zauberflöte, Beethoven's Fidelio, Wagner's Tristan und Isolde and Parsifal for the company.^[5] He performed the four parts of Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen, staged by Vera Nemirova, finishing with Götterdämmerung in 2012.^[6] The complete cycle was performed twice in 2012.^[7]

In 2017, Debussy's cantata La Damoiselle élue and Honegger's dramatic oratorio Jeanne d'Arc au bûcher were combined, staged by Àlex Ollé, conducted by Marc Soustrot, and co-produced with the Teatro Real Madrid.^[8]

Impresarios

Opera

The first conductors had the title Kapellmeister. From 1924 it was Generalmusikdirektor (GMD, General Music Director), who often also held the administrative leadership Intendant (Int.).

Since 2008 Sebastian Weigle (GMD)

Since 2002 Bernd Loebe [de] (Int.)

1999–2008 Paolo Carignani (GMD)

1997–2002 Martin Steinhoff (Int.)

1993–1997 Sylvain Cambreling

1987–1991 Gary Bertini

1977–1987 Michael Gielen (GMD & Int.)

1967–1977 Christoph von Dohnányi (GMD & Int.)

1961–1966 Lovro von Matačić (GMD & Int.)

1952–1961 Sir Georg Solti (GMD & Int.)

1945–1951 Bruno Vondenhoff [de] (GMD)

1938–1944 Franz Konwitschny (GMD)

1937–1938 Georg Ludwig Jochum

1935–1936 Karl Maria Zwißler

1933–1934 Bertil Wetzelsberger [de]

1929–1933 Hans Wilhelm Steinberg

1924–1929 Clemens Krauss (GMD)

1893–1924 Ludwig Rottenberg (Kapellmeister)

1880–1892 Felix Otto Dessoff (Kapellmeister)

Theatre

Since 2017 Anselm Weber

Oliver Reese 2009–2017

Elisabeth Schweeger 2001–2009

Peter Eschberg 1991–2001

Hans-Peter Doll 1990–1991

Günther Rühle 1985–1990

Adolf Dresen 1981–1985

Wilfried Minks/Johannes Schaaf 1980–1981

Peter Palitzsch 1972–1980

Ulrich Erfurth 1968–1972

Harry Buckwitz 1951–1968

Richard Weichert/Heinz Hilpert 1947–1951

Toni Impekoven 1945–1947

Hans Meissner 1933–1944

Alwin Kronbacher 1929–1933

Richard Weichert 1920–1929

Karl Zeiss 1916–1920

Max Behrend 1912–1916

Emil Claar 1879–1912

Premieres

Premieres at the Frankfurt Opera have included:

Date	Opera	Composer
16 September 1810	Silvana	Carl Maria von Weber
4 April 1819	Zemire und Azor	Louis Spohr
20 January 1851	Die Opernprobe [de]	Albert Lortzing
26 November 1853	Rübezahl	Friedrich von Flotow
8 Dezember 1881	Das Käthchen von Heilbronn	Carl Martin Reinthaler
12 November 1902	Dornröschen	Engelbert Humperdinck
18 August 1912	Der ferne Klang	Franz Schreker
15 March 1913	Das Spielwerk und die Prinzessin	Franz Schreker
25 April 1918	Die Gezeichneten	Franz Schreker
21 October 1919	Fennimore und Gerda	Frederick Delius
21 Januar 1920	Der Schatzgräber	Franz Schreker
1 July 1920	Die ersten Menschen [de]	Rudi Stephan
26 March 1922	Sancta Susanna	Paul Hindemith
9 July 1924	Der Sprung über den Schatten	Ernst Krenek
8 November 1924	Sakahra	Simon Bucharoff
25 February 1926	Die zehn Küsse	Bernhard Sekles
14 November 1926	Der Golem	Eugen d’Albert
25 December 1926	Die Lästerschule	Paul von Klenau
1 February 1930	Von heute auf morgen	Arnold Schönberg
23 March 1930	Achtung, Aufnahme!!	Wilhelm Grosz
25 May 1930	Transatlantic	George Antheil
31 January 1934	Prinz Eugen der edle Ritter	Max Pflugmacher
22 May 1935	Die Zaubergeige	Werner Egk
26 May 1936	Doktor Johannes Faust [de]	Hermann Reutter
8 June 1937	Carmina Burana	Carl Orff
13 January 1942	Columbus	Werner Egk
7 September 1942	Odysseus	Hermann Reutter
20 February 1943	Die Kluge	Carl Orff
1 March 1962	Die Alkestiade	Louise Talma
1964	Dame Kobold [de]	Gerhard Wimberger
1986	Die Reise zum Mittelpunkt der Erde	Hans-Joachim Hespos
15 June 1986	Stephen Climax	Hans Zender
12 December 1987	Europeras 1 & 2	John Cage
18 May 1989	What Where	Heinz Holliger
14 June 2002	Dr. Popels fiese Falle	Moritz Eggert
7 Oktober 2006	Caligula	Detlev Glanert
14 September 2014	Sirenen – Bilder des Begehrens und des Vernichtens	Rolf Riehm [de]
29 June 2014	Der goldene Drache	Péter Eötvös

References

^ F. M. Stockdale, M. R. Dreyer The Opera Guide 1990 342

^ Die Frankfurter "Alte Oper": Baumonographie eines Opernhauses Christiane Wolf Di Cecca - 1997 p225 "Das Frankfurter Opernhaus erfährt am 29. Januar 1944 durch einen Luftangriff zunächst eine leichte, schließlich in der Nacht zum 23. März 1944 eine schwere Beschädigung. Nach dem Krieg fehlt vor allem zunächst das Geld für Abriß und ..."

^ Richard Wagner, Fritz Lang, and the Nibelungen ix David J. Levin - 1999 "For a decade, 1978 to 1988, Frankfurt Opera under Michael Gielen was such a place. ' He hired some of the most interesting and innovative production teams — stage directors as well as set and costume designers ..."

^ ^a^b Roth, Wilhelm (20 July 2017). "Dirigent, der in Frankfurt einst eine Ära begründete, wird 90 Jahre alt: Unermüdlich trieb Michael Gielen die Moderne voran". Frankfurter Neue Presse (in German). Retrieved 20 July 2017..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}

^ "Sebastian Weigle". Frankfurt Opera. Archived from the original on 11 September 2012. Retrieved 7 March 2012.

^ Friedeon Rosén (29 January 2012). "Frankfurt: Götterdämmerung – Premiere" (in German). der-neue-merker.eu. Retrieved 7 March 2012.

^ "Der Ring des Nibelungen Cycle 1". oper-frankfurt.de. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
^{[permanent dead link]}

^ Jungheinrich, Hans-Klaus (12 June 2017). "Frauen gen Himmel / Honeggers spektakuläre "Jeanne" mit dem Debussy-Prolog "La Damoiselle élue" an der Oper Frankfurt" (in German). Frankfurter Rundschau. Retrieved 20 June 2017.

External links

Städtische Bühnen Frankfurt am Main GmbH (in German)

Welcome to Oper Frankfurt

Theatre Frankfurt

The Forsythe Company

Frankfurt Baut Auf: Website on Frankfurt Post-war Reconstruction: Theatre history (in German)

Frankfurt Baut Auf: Website on Frankfurt Post-war Reconstruction: Opera house rebuilding (in German)

Stuart Skelton, Heldentenor - Opera~Opera article 2006

Coordinates: 50°06′29″N 8°40′27″E / 50.10806°N 8.67417°E / 50.10806; 8.67417

[1] F. M. Stockdale, M. R. Dreyer The Opera Guide 1990 342

[2] Die Frankfurter "Alte Oper": Baumonographie eines Opernhauses Christiane Wolf Di Cecca - 1997 p225 "Das Frankfurter Opernhaus erfährt am 29. Januar 1944 durch einen Luftangriff zunächst eine leichte, schließlich in der Nacht zum 23. März 1944 eine schwere Beschädigung. Nach dem Krieg fehlt vor allem zunächst das Geld für Abriß und ..."

[3] Richard Wagner, Fritz Lang, and the Nibelungen ix David J. Levin - 1999 "For a decade, 1978 to 1988, Frankfurt Opera under Michael Gielen was such a place. ' He hired some of the most interesting and innovative production teams — stage directors as well as set and costume designers ..."

[Roth-4] Roth, Wilhelm (20 July 2017). "Dirigent, der in Frankfurt einst eine Ära begründete, wird 90 Jahre alt: Unermüdlich trieb Michael Gielen die Moderne voran". Frankfurter Neue Presse (in German). Retrieved 20 July 2017..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}

[5] "Sebastian Weigle". Frankfurt Opera. Archived from the original on 11 September 2012. Retrieved 7 March 2012.

[6] Friedeon Rosén (29 January 2012). "Frankfurt: Götterdämmerung – Premiere" (in German). der-neue-merker.eu. Retrieved 7 March 2012.

[7] "Der Ring des Nibelungen Cycle 1". oper-frankfurt.de. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
^{[permanent dead link]}

[8] Jungheinrich, Hans-Klaus (12 June 2017). "Frauen gen Himmel / Honeggers spektakuläre "Jeanne" mit dem Debussy-Prolog "La Damoiselle élue" an der Oper Frankfurt" (in German). Frankfurter Rundschau. Retrieved 20 June 2017.

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