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Merlene Ottey

Ottey in 2011
Personal information
Full name	Merlene Joyce Ottey
Born	(1960-05-10) 10 May 1960 (age 58) Cold Spring, Hanover, Jamaica
Height	175 cm (5 ft 9 in)[1]
Weight	62 kg (137 lb)
Sport
Country	Jamaica (1978–2002)  Slovenia (2002–2012)
Sport	Athletics
Medal record Event 1st 2nd 3rd Olympic Games (9 medals) 0 3 6 World Championships (14 medals) 3 4 7 World Indoor Championships (7 medals) 3 2 2 Total (30 medals) 6 9 15 Olympic Games 1996 Atlanta 100 m 1996 Atlanta 200 m 2000 Sydney 4x100 m relay 1980 Moscow 200 m 1984 Los Angeles 100 m 1984 Los Angeles 200 m 1992 Barcelona 200 m 1996 Atlanta 4x100 m relay 2000 Sydney 100 m World Championships 1991 Tokyo 4x100 m relay 1993 Stuttgart 200 m 1995 Gothenburg 200 m 1983 Helsinki 200 m 1993 Stuttgart 100 m 1995 Gothenburg 100 m 1995 Gothenburg 4x100 m relay 1983 Helsinki 4x100 m relay 1987 Rome 100 m 1987 Rome 200 m 1991 Tokyo 100 m 1991 Tokyo 200 m 1993 Stuttgart 4x100 m relay 1997 Athens 200 m World Indoor Championships 1989 Budapest 200 m 1991 Seville 200 m 1995 Barcelona 60 m 1987 Indianapolis 200 m 1991 Seville 60 m 1989 Budapest 60 m 2003 Birmingham 60 m Commonwealth Games 1982 Brisbane 200 m 1990 Auckland 200 m 1990 Auckland 100 m 1982 Brisbane 100 m 1982 Brisbane 4x100 m relay Pan American Games 1979 San Juan 4x100 m relay 1979 San Juan 200 m

Merlene Joyce Ottey OD (born 10 May 1960) is a Jamaican former track and field sprinter. She began her career representing Jamaica, before representing Slovenia from 2002 to 2012. She is ranked fourth on the all-time list over 60 metres (indoor), seventh on the all-time list over 100 metres and fourth on the all-time list over 200 metres. She is the current world indoor record holder for 200 metres with 21.87 seconds, set in 1993.

Ottey has had the longest career as a top level international sprinter, concluding with her anchoring the Slovene 4 × 100 m relay team at the 2012 European Championships at the age of 52.^[2][3] A nine-time Olympic medallist, she holds the record for the most Olympic appearances (seven) of any track and field athlete. She won 14 World Championship medals,^[4] and still holds the record (as of 2017) for most medals in individual events with 10.^[5] Her career achievements and longevity have led to her being called the "Queen of the Track". Her proclivity for earning bronze medals in major championships also earned her the title of "Bronze Queen" in track circles.^[6]

Ottey was formerly married to the American high jumper and 400 m hurdler Nat Page and was known as Merlene Ottey-Page during the mid-eighties.^[7]

Life and sprinting career

Merlene Ottey was born to Hubert and Joan Ottey in Cold Spring, Hanover, Jamaica. She was introduced to the sport by her mother, who bought her a manual on track and field. In her early school years in the 1970s, Ottey attended Gurneys Mount and Pondside Schools before graduating from Ruseas and Vere Technical high schools. There she frequently competed barefoot in local races.

Ottey's inspiration came from listening to the track and field broadcast from the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, where Donald Quarrie ran in the sprint finals. Her athletics career took off when she moved to the US and attended the University of Nebraska in 1979, where she joined the track team. She represented Jamaica in the 1979 Pan American Games, winning a bronze medal in the 200 m. She graduated from university with a Bachelor of Arts Degree and married fellow athlete Nathaniel Page in 1984 and briefly used the name Merlene Ottey-Page. The couple later divorced.

In the 1980 Moscow games, Ottey became the first female English-speaking Caribbean athlete to win an Olympic medal. Back in Jamaica, she was awarded an Officer of the Order of Nation, and the Order of Distinction for 'services in the field of sport'.

In the 1982 Commonwealth Games, Ottey won a gold medal in the 200 m and silver medal in the 100 m. Nearly a decade later, in the 1990 Commonwealth Games, she won gold in both events. Ottey was named Ambassador of Jamaica after her gold medal win in the 1993 world championships. She has also been named Jamaican Sportswoman of the year 13 times between 1979 and 1995.

Throughout her career, she has won nine Olympic medals, which ties with Allyson Felix for the most by any woman in track and field history [1]. These include three silver and six bronze medals. She has never won an Olympic gold medal, but lost by five thousandths of a second to Gail Devers in the 100 m Final at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta when they both recorded the same time of 10.94 seconds.^[8] This was not her closest finish to Devers – she recorded a time of 10.812 seconds to Devers' 10.811 seconds in the 1993 World Championships in Stuttgart – still the closest finish at an international athletics meet.^[9]

Her seven Olympic appearances from 1980 to 2004 are the most by any Track & Field athlete. The next highest is six, by javelin thrower and heptathlete Tessa Sanderson, discus thrower Lia Manoliu, and middle-distance runners Maria Mutola and João N'Tyamba.

She held the record for most World Championship medals, winning 14 (three gold, three silver, eight bronze) between 1983 and 1997, until Allyson Felix took her total from 13 to 16 in 2017. Ottey still holds the record for most World Championship medals in individual events, with 10. 13 of her medals at the Olympics and World Championships were bronze, earning her the nickname "the Bronze Queen" in racing circles. Ottey was appointed an Ambassador at Large by the Jamaican government in 1993.

Controversy

In 1999, during a meet in Lucerne, Switzerland, a urine sample submitted had returned positive for the banned anabolic steroid nandrolone. Her 'B' sample also contained higher than normal levels of the substance. Ottey was subsequently banned by the IAAF from competing in the World Championships in Seville, Spain.

Ottey fought to clear her name, asserting that charge was a "terrible mistake", and that she was innocent of knowingly taking steroids.^[10] In the summer of 2000, Ottey was cleared of all charges by the Jamaica Amateur Athletic Association, the IAAF lifted its two-year ban, after the CAS dismissed the case. The Court of Arbitration for Sport dismissed the case because the retesting order by the CAS was not completed in the time frame allotted.

In Jamaica, at the National Senior Trials before selection for the Olympics, Ottey placed a disappointing fourth. According to the rules of the Jamaica Amateur Athletics Association (JAAA), only athletes who had finished in the top three at the trials were eligible to run at the Olympics; she was only qualified to run on the 4 x 100 m relay team. Ottey asked that she be substituted for another team member, a courtesy that had been extended to others in the past. The JAAA's decision to replace Peta-Gaye Dowdie with Ottey caused widespread controversy. Dowdie's team members and many Jamaicans believed that Ottey had bullied her way onto the team. She was construed as an aging icon trying to retain power by usurping the place of a younger and equally worthy athlete. Jamaican 400 m Olympian and championship medallist Gregory Haughton lead the notorious "Games Village" protests to oust Ottey, which made international headlines. The protest ended when The International Olympic Committee (IOC) threatened to throw the Jamaicans out of the Games if the team managers were not able to control their charges.^[11]

At the 2000 Olympics, Ottey finished fourth in the 100 m, beaten from a medal by fellow Jamaican sprinter Tayna Lawrence. The race was won by Marion Jones who registered 10.75 seconds, followed by Ekaterini Thanou of Greece in 11.12 seconds. Lawrence posted 11.18 seconds to Ottey's 11.19 seconds. In the 4×100 relay, the Jamaican team – bronze medalist Lawrence, teenager and newcomer Veronica Campbell, and Beverly McDonald – was anchored by Ottey to a silver medal. This medal gave Ottey her eighth medal, the most ever for a female athlete. Nine years later, Ottey's fourth place was retroactively promoted to third – giving Ottey her ninth medal – and Lawrence to second when Jones was stripped of her medals for steroid abuse.

Due to the controversy, Ottey decided that "after Sydney I said I wasn't going to run another race for Jamaica ... because I felt like the Jamaicans were trying to push me out of the sport and I really needed to prove my point, that I might be 40 but I can still run."^[12]

Slovenia

In 1998 Ottey moved to Slovenia and began training with Slovene coach Srđan Đorđević. There she was still representing Jamaica. However, in May 2002, she became a Slovene citizen, and now resides in Ljubljana, where she represents her new country in international events.

Ottey competed for Slovenia in the 100 metres at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, where she reached the semifinals. She finished 5th missing out on qualification for the final by just 0.03s. At age 46, she competed in the 2006 European Championships in Athletics. She finished fifth in the semi-finals of the 100 metres and did not qualify for the final, which was won by Belgium's Kim Gevaert.

Ottey failed by 0.28 seconds to reach her eighth Olympic Games, aged 48 in 2008. In spite of this, two years later she qualified for the Slovenian 4 x 100-metre relay squad at the 2010 European Athletics Championships where she became the oldest athlete ever to participate in the history of the European championships.^[13]

At the age of 52, Ottey competed in the 4x100 meters relay at the 2012 European Athletics Championships.^[14] The Slovenian team were ranked 22nd in the world before the 2012 Olympics^[15] with only the top 16 teams qualifying.

Since 2014, Ottey has lived in Switzerland.^[16]

Records and achievements

• Ottey ranks at number four on the all-time list of the 200 metres, and number seven on the 100 metres list.


• Ottey is the first female athlete to run 60 metres under seven seconds (6.96 in 1992)


• Ottey is the only woman to have run the 200 metres under 22 seconds indoors (21.87 in 1993).


• Ottey has the fastest 100 and 200 metres one day combination, with 10.93 and 21.66 (32.59 total) at the 1990 Weltklasse Zurich grand prix.


• Ottey has run 100 metres under eleven seconds – 67 times ( plus 9 wind-assisted ) a record among female sprinters.


• Ottey has 57 consecutive wins in 100 metres – the most consecutive wins over 100 metres for a female, and 34 consecutive wins at 200 metres.


• Ottey holds the official World Masters Athletics world records in the 100 m and 200 m for the age groups W35 ( 100- 10.74 in 1996, 200- 21.93 in 1995 ) W40 ( 100- 10.99 in 2000, 200- 22.74 in 2004 ) W45 ( 100- 11.34 in 2006, 200- 23.82 in 2006 ) W50 ( 100- 11.67 in 2010, 200- 24.33 in 2010 ).^[17]
  


• Ottey is the first from the Western Hemisphere (outside the USA) to win two individual medals at the same Olympic Games.


• At the 1995 World Championships, Ottey became the oldest ever female gold medallist when she won the 200 m at age 35 years 92 days. At the 1997 World Championships in Athens, she became the oldest female medallist ever at 37 years 90 days, when she won the bronze medal. In the 2000 Olympics, at age 40, Ottey became the oldest female track and field medalist when she anchored the Jamaican women's 4×100 metres to a silver medal. With the disqualification of Marion Jones, she was awarded the bronze medal in the 100 metres, making her the oldest individual medallist.


• Ottey along with Carl Lewis, Usain Bolt and Allyson Felix, is one of four athletes to win twenty or more medals at the Olympic Games and the World Championships (combined).


• Ottey holds the record for running the fastest women's Indoor 200 metres, in 21.87 seconds. This record has stood since 1993 and remains (as of 2016) the only sub 22sec clocking by a woman indoors.


• In six World Championships competing for Jamaica, Ottey has won fourteen medals: three gold, four silver and seven bronze medals, while at the Olympics she has earned three silver and six bronze medals.


• Ottey was the first female Caribbean athlete to win an Olympic medal.


• Ottey has won the most career Olympic medals (9 medals: 3 silver and 6 bronze) in women's track and field, a record now shared with American sprinter Allyson Felix (6 gold and 3 silver).


• Ottey has the quickest 200m performance ever into a headwind (-1.0m/sec or more ) achieved when clocking 21.66 (-1.0) in Zurich, 1990.

International competitions

Year	Competition	Venue	Position	Event	Notes
Representing  Jamaica
1978	CAC Junior Championships (U-20)	Xalapa, Mexico	3rd	200 m	25.34s A
			1st	4x100 m relay	47.12s A
			2nd	4x400 m relay	3:58.8 A
1979	CARIFTA Games (U-20)	Kingston, Jamaica	2nd	100 m	11.87s
			2nd	200 m	24.05s
			2nd	4x100 m relay	46.47s
	Pan American Games	San Juan, Puerto Rico	3rd	200 m	22.79w
1980	Olympic Games	Moscow, Soviet Union	3rd	200 m	22.20
			6th	4x100 m	43.19
			heats	4x400 m	3.31.5
1982	Commonwealth Games	Brisbane, Australia	2nd	100m	11.03
			1st	200 m	22.19w
			3rd	4x100 m	43.69
1983	World Championships	Helsinki, Finland	4th	100 m	11.19
			2nd	200 m	22.13
			3rd	4x100 m	42.73
1984	Olympic Games	Los Angeles, United States	3rd	100 m	11.16
			3rd	200 m	22.09
			8th	4x100 m	53.54
1987	World Indoor Championships	Indianapolis, United States	4th	60 m	7.13
			2nd	200m	22.66
	World Championships	Rome, Italy	3rd	100 m	11.04
			3rd	200 m	22.06
1988	Olympic Games	Seoul, South Korea	DNS (sf)	100 m	11.03 (qf)
			4th	200 m	21.99
			DNS (f)	4x100 m	43.30 (sf)
1989	World Indoor Championships	Budapest, Hungary	3rd	60 m	7.10
			1st	200 m	22.34
1990	Commonwealth Games	Auckland, New Zealand	1st	100 m	11.02w
			1st	200 m	22.76
1991	World Indoor Championships	Seville, Spain	2nd	60 m	7.08
			1st	200 m	22.24
	World Championships	Tokyo, Japan	3rd	100m	11.06
			3rd	200 m	22.21
			1st	4x100 m	41.94
1992	Olympic Games	Barcelona, Spain	5th	100 m	10.88
			3rd	200 m	22.09
				4x100 m	DNF
1993	World Championships	Stuttgart, Germany	2nd	100 m	10.82
			1st	200 m	21.98
			3rd	4x100 m	41.94
1994	World Cup	London, United Kingdom	1st	200 m	22.23
1995	World Indoor Championships	Barcelona, Spain	1st	60 m	6.97
	World Championships	Gothenburg, Sweden	2nd	100 m	10.94
			1st	200m	22.12
			2nd	4x100 m	42.25
1996	Olympic Games	Atlanta, United States	2nd	100 m	10.94
			2nd	200 m	22.24
			3rd	4x100 m	42.24
1997	World Championships	Athens, Greece	7th	100 m	11.29
			3rd	200 m	22.40
1998	Goodwill Games	New York City, United States	4th	100 m	11.21
2000	Olympic Games	Sydney, Australia	3rd	100 m	11.19
			2nd	4x100 m	42.13
Representing  Slovenia
2003	World Indoor Championships	Birmingham, United Kingdom	3rd	60 m	7.20
	World Championships	Paris, France	11th (sf)	100 m	11.26
			16th (qf)	200 m	23.22
			heats	4x100 m	DISQ
2004	World Indoor Championships	Budapest, Hungary	9th (sf)	60 m	7.21
	Olympic Games	Athens, Greece	10th (sf)	100 m	11.21
			DNF (sf)	200 m	22.72 (h)
2006	European Championships	Gothenburg, Sweden	10th (sf)	100 m	11.44
2007	European Indoor Championships	Birmingham, United Kingdom	19th (h)	60 m	7.33
	World Championships	Osaka, Japan	38th (h)	100 m	11.64
2010	European Championships	Barcelona, Spain	13th (h)	4x100 m	44.30
2012	European Championships	Helsinki, Finland	11th (h)	4x100 m	44.28
(#) Indicates overall position in qualifying heats (h) quarterfinals (qf) or semifinals (sf). DNF = did not finish DNS = dis not start

See also

• List of athletes with the most appearances at Olympic Games

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Merlene Ottey.

• 
  Merlene Ottey at IAAF
  


• Merlene Ottey & the advance of women


• The Merlene Ottey Tribute