Ranchi
Ranchi | |
|---|---|
Metropolis | |
 From top left to right :- Kanke, Ranchi Railway Station , Rajendra Chowk , Birsa Munda International Airport , JSCA International Cricket Stadium , Line tank pond , Kadru flyover-Hotel Radisson Blu , Nucleus mall , GEL church complex . | |
| Nickname(s): City of waterfalls | |
  Ranchi Location in Jharkhand Show map of Jharkhand  Ranchi Ranchi (India) Show map of India | |
| Coordinates: 23°22′N 85°20′E / 23.36°N 85.33°E / 23.36; 85.33Coordinates: 23°22′N 85°20′E / 23.36°N 85.33°E / 23.36; 85.33 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Jharkhand |
| District | Ranchi |
| Government | |
| • Body | Ranchi Municipal Corporation |
| • Mayor | Asha Lakra (BJP) |
| • Deputy mayor | Sanjeev Vijayvargiya |
| Area | |
| • Metropolis | 652.02 km2 (251.75 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,295 km2 (500 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 651 m (2,136 ft) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
| • Metropolis | 1,073,440 |
| • Density | 1,600/km2 (4,300/sq mi) |
| Demonym(s) | Ranchite |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Hindi, English |
| • Regional | Nagpuri dialect of Hindi |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 834001(83 xxxx) |
| Telephone code | 0651 |
| Vehicle registration | JH-01 (earlier BR 14) |
| Sex ratio(per 1000 male) | 950 |
| Literacy | 87.68% |
| Website | www.ranchi.nic.in www.ranchimunicipal.com |
Ranchi (/ˈrɑːntʃi/ 
pronunciation (help·info)) is the capital of the Indian state of Jharkhand. Ranchi was the centre of the Jharkhand movement,[2] which called for a separate state for the tribal regions of South Bihar, northern Orissa, western West Bengal and the eastern area of what is present-day Chhattisgarh. The Jharkhand state was formed on 15 November 2000 by carving out the Bihar divisions of Chota Nagpur and Santhal Parganas. Ranchi has been selected as one of the hundred Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under PM Narendra Modi's flagship Smart Cities Mission.[3]
Ranchi skyline from a hill
Contents
1 Etymology
2 Geography
2.1 Climate
3 Demographics
3.1 Population
3.2 Language
3.3 Religion
4 Health
5 Sports
5.1 Sports teams
5.2 Stadiums in Ranchi
6 Points of Interest
7 People from Ranchi
8 See also
9 References
10 External links
Etymology
The name Ranchi is derived from the previous name of the Oraon village at the same site, Archi.[4] "Archi" derives from the Oraon word for bamboo grove or stave. According to legend, after an altercation with a spirit, a farmer beat the spirit with his bamboo stave. The spirit shouted archi, archi, archi and vanished. Archi became Rachi, which became Ranchi.[5] Another etymological evidence suggests Ranchi to be derived from 'rici' (Mundari for Black Kite Milvus migrans), as the modern day landmark of Ranchi city, the Pahari Mandir, is also known as Rici Buru - the hill of the kites[6], and the city originated on the foothills of Rici Buru with the construction of bada talaab by Commissioner Thomas Wilkinson at the same site. The entire administration of SWFA was run from Commissioner's office situated at the foothill of Rici Buru.
Geography
Ranchi lies at 23°22′N 85°20′E / 23.36°N 85.33°E / 23.36; 85.33 near to the Tropic of Cancer . Its municipal area is 652.02 km2 (251.75 sq mi), and its average elevation is 651 m above sea level.
Ranchi is surrounded by lush agriculturally fertile land.
Ranchi is located in the southern part of the Chota Nagpur plateau, which is the eastern section of the Deccan plateau.
Ranchi has a hilly topography and its dense tropical forests a combination that produces a relatively moderate climate compared to the rest of the state. However, due to the uncontrolled deforestation, and development of the city, the average temperature has increased.[7]
Climate
Although Ranchi has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Climate Classification: Cwa), its location and the forests surrounding it combine to produce the unusually pleasant climate for which it's known. Summer temperatures range from 20 °C to 42 degrees, winter temperatures from 0 °C to 25 degrees. December and January are the coolest months, with temperatures dipping to the freezing point in some areas(Kanke). The annual rainfall is about 1430 mm (56.34 inches). From June to September the rainfall is about 1,100 mm.[8]
| Climate data for Ranchi | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 23.6 (74.5) | 26.3 (79.3) | 31.5 (88.7) | 35.6 (96.1) | 36.8 (98.2) | 33.4 (92.1) | 29.8 (85.6) | 29.2 (84.6) | 29.4 (84.9) | 28.9 (84.0) | 26.5 (79.7) | 24.0 (75.2) | 29.3 (84.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 16.7 (62.1) | 19.5 (67.1) | 24.2 (75.6) | 28.4 (83.1) | 30.1 (86.2) | 28.5 (83.3) | 26.3 (79.3) | 25.8 (78.4) | 25.6 (78.1) | 23.4 (74.1) | 20.1 (68.2) | 17.0 (62.6) | 23.8 (74.8) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 9.8 (49.6) | 12.6 (54.7) | 16.8 (62.2) | 21.2 (70.2) | 23.3 (73.9) | 23.5 (74.3) | 22.7 (72.9) | 22.4 (72.3) | 21.8 (71.2) | 18.6 (65.5) | 13.6 (56.5) | 9.9 (49.8) | 18.0 (64.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 16.7 (0.66) | 21.2 (0.83) | 25.0 (0.98) | 21.8 (0.86) | 61.7 (2.43) | 249.4 (9.82) | 336.6 (13.25) | 319.1 (12.56) | 247.3 (9.74) | 76.6 (3.02) | 10.8 (0.43) | 11.6 (0.46) | 1,397.7 (55.03) |
| Source: IMD | |||||||||||||
Demographics
Population
As of 2011[update] India census,[9] Ranchi municipal corporation has a population of 1,126,741,[10] making it the 46th largest urban city in India. Males constitute 51.3% of the population and females 48.7%. Ranchi city has an average literacy rate of 87.68% (census 2011).
The city witnessed a sudden surge in population after the declaration of the new state of Jharkhand in 2000. Owing to the rising employment opportunities and opening of numerous regional and state level offices, banks, and FMCG companies, the city witnessed a rapid influx of employment seeking migrants. As per a study done by ASSOCHAM in late 2010, Ranchi was one of the highest employment generating Tier-III cities in India with a share of 16.8%, followed by Mangalore and Mysore.[11]
Language
Hindi is the official language of the Ranchi city. The populace of Ranchi converse mainly in Hindi. A number of Hindi dialects such as Nagpuri, Khortha also spoken. Tribal language Mundari is also spoken by Munda tribe.
Religion
Hinduism is the prominent religion of Ranchi city followed by 64.31% of the population. Islam is the second most followed religion in the city by 16.42% of the people. Minorities are Christians 8.52%, Sikhism 0.39%, Jains 0.22%, Buddhists 0.06%, those that didn't state a religion are 0.35%, and others are 9.72%.[13]
Health
- Sadar Hospital, Ranchi
- Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences
- Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi[14]
Sports
Ranchi is centre for numerous sports activities, including cricket, hockey, football, and many others.[15] The 34th National Games were successfully held in Ranchi in February 2011.
Ranchi Rhinos field hockey team is based in the city
JSCA Cricket Stadium Entrance
An International Cricket stadium with an indoor stadium and a practice ground has been constructed. So far, this stadium has hosted three One day International matches and one T20 International match. Apart from that, this stadium has hosted two IPL 6 matches for Kolkata Knight Riders, three champions league 2013 matches and Celebrity Cricket League Matches for Bhojpuri Dabanggs. A tennis academy, which was inaugurated by Sania Mirza and Shoaib Malik, also runs besides the cricket stadium.[16]
The Ranchi franchise for Hockey India League was bought by Patel-Uniexcel Group and the team named Ranchi Rhinos.[17]
Sports teams
- Ranchi Rays
- Ranchi Rhinos
Stadiums in Ranchi
- Jaipal Singh Stadium
- JSCA International Cricket Stadium
- Birsa Munda Hockey Stadium
- Birsa Munda Athletics Stadium
- Birsa Munda Football Stadium
Points of Interest
Asian Black Bear at Jharkhand Zoo in Ranchi
Bengal Tiger at Jharkhand Zoo
Bhagawan Birsa Biological Park also known as Jharkhand Zoo is wildlife zoo spread over 104 hectares that features numerous animals including Asian Black Bear, Bengal Tiger, Asiatic Lions, Indian Peacock, Indian Elephant among others.[18]
- Tagore Hill
- Jagannath Temple
- Dassam Falls
- Jonha Falls
- Rock Garden
People from Ranchi
Cricketer Mahendra Singh Dhoni is from Ranchi
Rajesh Chauhan, former Indian cricketer, was born in Ranchi[19]
Mahendra Singh Dhoni, Ex-Captain of Indian Cricket Team, famous for winning Cricket World Cup in 2011
Carl Haeberlin, German physician, was born in Ranchi
Deepika Kumari, International Level Archer
Anjana Om Kashyap, Indian journalist and news presenter.- Rajesh Jais
Alisha Singh, Dancer and choreographer
Peter Mansfield, British journalist and historian, was born in Ranchi
Kariya Munda, Deputy Speaker of the 15th Lok Sabha(2009–14) and Member of Parliament from Khunti, Jharkhand
Vinay Pathak, actor schooled at Vikas Vidyalaya, Ranchi
Mukund Nayak, folk singer and dancer
Nandlal Nayak, folk artist and Music composer
Pat Reid MBE MC, escapee from Colditz Castle, was born in Ranchi
Tapen Sen, Former Judge Calcutta High Court, Punjab & Haryana High Court and Jharkhand High Court.
Telesphore Toppo, Cardinal-Archbishop of Ranchi in the Roman Catholic Church.
See also
- List of cities in Jharkhand
- 1967 Ranchi-Hatia riots
- Ranchi Junction
- Ranchi Metropolitan Region
References
^ "Cities having population 1 lakh and above, Census 2011" (PDF). The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 24 March 2019..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ "Jharkhand Movement". Country Studies. Archived from the original on 2005-03-18. Retrieved 2009-05-07.
^ "Only 98 cities instead of 100 announced: All questions answered about the smart cities project". Firstpost. 2015-08-28. Retrieved 2017-03-14.
^ Cultural Configuration of Ranchi, Lalita Prasad Vidyarthi, Rajendra Behari Lal, India. Planning Commission. Research Programmes Committee, 1969, pg 306.
^ Journal and Proceedings of the Asiatic Society Of Bengal, Volume 4, No. 11, 1927, "The Etymology of Ranchi", pg 601.
^ Samar,, Bosu Mullick,. Sylvan tales : stories from the Munda country. Kolkata, India. ISBN 9789384465056. OCLC 935915532.
^ "Sultry weather likely to continue in city, for now - Times of India". Retrieved 2016-06-24.
^ "Ranchi, India Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)".
^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
^ "Ranchi District Population Census 2011, Jharkhand literacy sex ratio and density".
^ Assocham report, 2010 Archived 14 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine
^ "Ranchi City Census 2011 data". https://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/261-ranchi.html. External link in|website=(help)
^ "Ranchi City Census 2011 data". https://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/261-ranchi.html. External link in|website=(help)
^ "Central Institute of Psychiatry,Ranchi". cipranchi.nic.in. Retrieved 2018-09-30.
^ "Sports".
^ "Sania and Shoaib in Ranchi".
^ "Ranchi franchise becomes third team in Hockey India League". The Times Of India. 2012-09-14.
^ "Jharkhand Zoo Authority". Archived from the original on 19 March 2018. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
^ "Rajesh Chauhan". ESPN Cricinfo. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
External links
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ranchi. |
- Website of the District Administration
Places adjacent to Ranchi | ||||||||||
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Ranchi
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