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Babol بابل
City
Babol
Coordinates: 36°33′05″N 52°40′44″E / 36.55139°N 52.67889°E / 36.55139; 52.67889Coordinates: 36°33′05″N 52°40′44″E / 36.55139°N 52.67889°E / 36.55139; 52.67889
Country	Iran
Province	Mazandaran
County	Babol
District	Central
Government
• Mayor	Mohsen Kaboud Firouzjaie
Area
• City	32 km2 (12 sq mi)
Elevation	-2 up to 50 m (-6 to 150 ft)
Population (2016 Census)
• Urban	250,217 [1]
Time zone	UTC+3:30 (IRST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+4:30 (IRDT)
Postal Code	48xxx-xxxxx
Area code(s)	011
Vehicle Plate	IRAN ج72 , ج82 , ص82
Website	www.babolcity.ir

Babol (Persian: بابل‎, pronunciation (help·info), Known as "Orange Blossom City" , also Romanized as Bābol; formerly known as Barfrouch)^[2] is the capital of Babol County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. Babol is divided into two metropolitan area (Under Iranian law). At the 2012 census, its population was 219,467, in 66,944 families.^[3]

Babol is located in the north of Iran, between the northern slopes of the Alborz Mountains and southern coast of the Caspian Sea. Babol is on the north-east of Tehran and is one of the most important cities in the north of Iran. It is the region's chief center. Babol is a new name for the site of the ancient city of Mamatir, that then was named as Barforush. The city receives abundant rainfall. It is famous for its orange farms, for which it is dubbed "the city of orange blossoms".^[4]

History

Founded in the 16th century, it was built on the site of the ancient city of Mamtir (deriving from "Mah Mithra" "great Mithra). Babol was formerly called Barforushdeh (meaning Market town) and Barforush afterwards.^[5]

Watchtower

Geography and climate

The city is located approximately 20 kilometers south of Caspian Sea on the west bank of BabolRud River and receives abundant annual rainfall. Babol borders Babolsar and Fereydunkenar to the north, Qaem Shahr and Savad Kooh Shomali to the east, Savad Kooh to the southeast, Firuzkuh to the South and Amol to the west. Babol University is famous for its spectacular scenery.

Map showing the location of Babol county as well as Babol city in Mazandaran.

The Köppen-Geiger climate classification system classifies its climate as hot-summer Mediterranean (Csa).^[6]

Population

In 2012 population census calculation of the city,the population was 219,467 people (79,837 households) and a population of 495,472 people in the located in the city.

Landmarks

The ruins of Shah Abbas I's palace are located in the city.
Mohammad Hassan Khan's Bridge is also one of the most ancient buildings of Mazandaran. It was built by the king Mohammad Hassan Khan Qajar, the ancestor of Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar as the main road from Babol to Amol. Now it is known as the old road of Babol to Amol.
Another nice scenery is Babol Noshirvani Park, which is the biggest park including playground located in the north part of Iran, located almost in the vicinity of Caspian Sea.
Babol is home to important and intact forests and jungles. for instance, Shiadeh, the unique and intact forest, is located in south-east Babol. Shiadeh is the name of a rural area near the jungle. here are some views of Noshirvani Park and Shiadeh Jungle.

Filband, a village near the northern Iranian city of Babol, is famous for its skies which are full of interconnected cumulus clouds, especially in springtime.^[7]

Economy

Commerce and trading are the backbone of the city's economy since it is the largest commercial center for Mazandaran province, partially due to its location at the center of the province and also the large population of villages around the city making Babol county the most populated county in the province.
Babol produces food and textiles — as well as other processed goods . Including oranges, lemons, and tangerines. There are many rice farms around the city, and, until about 20 years ago, tea, tobacco, and cotton were processed.

Transportation

Almost 100% of the city transportation is by car, buses and other road vehicles. Thus, Babol is highly dependent on the regional highway network which connects the city to Babolsar at 10 km north, Amol at 30 km west and Qaemshahr at 15 km east. These are all new wide highways.

Babol has access to an airport 55 km away and to a train station 15 km away.

The ports of Fereydunkenar and Babolsar are both located on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea with connection to other Caspian ports.

Colleges and universities

As the largest commercial center the city of Babol also hosts large number of universities province.
Universities include:

• Babol University of Medical Sciences


• Babol Noshirvani University of Technology


• Mazandaran University of Science and Technology


• Educators University - Education Center Martyr Rajai Babol


• PNU - Babol Center


• PNU - Bandpey Unit


• 
  Islamic Azad University - Babol Unit


• University of Applied Science - Babol Unit


• Babol Vocational College of Imam Sadiq


• Mazandaran Institute of Technology


• Rahedanesh Institute of Higher Education


• Tabari Institute of Higher Education


• Aryan Institute of Science and Technology


• Institute of Applied Science of Art and Culture - Unit 4 Of Babol


• Institute of Applied Science Technology Jahad Daneshgahi


• Institute of Applied Science -Unit Of Western Bandpey


• Vocational College of Sama - Babol Unit


• Vocational College of AzZahra - Babol Unit

Sport

Babol is home to Iranian Basketball Super League team BEEM Mazandaran BC which plays in the city's Shahid Sojoodi Arena.
BEEM also had a popular volleyball team in the Iranian Super League in 2008–2009.
Now Babol have a 2 Team in wrestling, Bime Razi and Arash Zin.
They have a popular football club, Khooneh Be Khooneh. Khooneh Be Khooneh play in 2nd division (after Premier League) in Iranian system football but they could going to finals of Hazfi Cup in 2016-17. They could not promote to Premier League for 1 Goal.
Babol is host of Freestyle Wrestling Club World Cup in December 2018.

Notable people

• 
  Amir Pazevari (17th century) - poet


• 
  Mohammad-Ali Barfrushi (1820–1849) - Babi leader


• 
  Ali Asghar Mazandarani (1826–1911) - cleric


• 
  Hossein Fallah Noshirvani (1902–1972) - philanthropist.


• 
  Delkash (1924–2004) - singer


• 
  Shahrokh Meskoob (1924–2005) - writer


• 
  Mokarrameh Ghanbari (1928–2005) - painter


• 
  Alireza Mashaghi (born 1977) - scientist


• 
  Ahmad Ghahreman (1928–2008) - botanist


• 
  Emam-Ali Habibi (born 1931) - wrestler


• 
  Abdollah Movahed (born 1940) - wrestler


• 
  Hamid Reza Chitgar (1949–1987) - politician


• 
  Bijan Mortazavi (born 1957) - singer and musician


• 
  Towhidi Tabari (born 1964) - artist


• 
  Masoud Hedayatifard (born 1971) - scholar in fishery science


• 
  Masih Alinejad (born 1976) - writer and journalist


• 
  Sohrab Entezari (born 1977) - football player


• 
  Majid Noormohammadi (born 1978) - football player


• 
  Arya Aramnejad (born 1983) - singer


• 
  Mehdi Kheiri (born 1983) - football player


• 
  Hadi Norouzi (1985–2015) - football player


• 
  Bashir Babajanzadeh (born 1989) - wrestler


• 
  Sousan Hajipour (born 1990) - taekwondo practitioner


• 
  Noshad Alamian (born 1991) - table tennis player


• 
  Maedeh Tahmasebi )born 1957)- Actress

References

External links

Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Barfurush.

• Babol Noshirvani University of Technology


• some views of Noshirvani Park