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Saint Leopold III
Saint Leopold III with two deceased sons, Babenberger Stammbaum, Klosterneuburg Monastery, 1489–1492
Margrave of Austria
Born	1073 Melk, Austria
Died	15 November 1136 Klosterneuburg abbey, Lower Austria, Austria
Venerated in	Roman Catholic Church
Canonized	6 January 1485 by Pope Innocent VIII
Feast	15 November
Attributes	Model of church
Patronage	Austria Lower Austria Upper Austria Vienna Death of children Large families Step-parents

Saint Leopold III (German: Luitpold, 1073 – 15 November 1136), known as Leopold the Good, was the Margrave of Austria from 1095 to his death in 1136. He was a member of the House of Babenberg. He was canonized on 6 January 1485 and became the patron saint of Austria, Lower Austria, Upper Austria, and Vienna. His feast day is 15 November.^[1]

Life

Leopold was born at Babenberg castle in Gars am Kamp, the son of Margrave Leopold II and Ida of Formbach-Ratelnberg. The Babenbergs had come to Austria from Bavaria where the family had risen to prominence in the 10th Century. He grew up in the diocese of Passau under the influence of the reformer Bishop Altmann of Passau.^[2]

In 1096 Leopold succeeded his father as margrave of Austria at the age of 23. He married twice. His first wife, who died in 1105, may have been one of the von Perg family. The following year he married Agnes, the widowed sister of Emperor Henry V whom he had supported against her father Henry IV. This connection to the Salians raised the importance of the House of Babenberg, to which important royal rights over the margravate of Austria were granted. Also, Agnes had influential connections through her previous marriage to Frederick of Hohenstaufen,^[2] one of her sons being Conrad III of Germany.

Leopold called himself "Princeps Terræ", a reflection of his sense of territorial independence. He was considered a candidate in the election of the Kaiser of the Holy Roman Empire in 1125, but declined this honour.

He is mainly remembered for the development of the country and, in particular, the founding of several monasteries. His most important foundation is Klosterneuburg (1108).^[2] According to legend, the Virgin Mary appeared to him and led him to a place where he found the veil of his wife Agnes, who had lost it years earlier. He established the Klosterneuburg Monastery there. He subsequently expanded the settlement to become his residence.

Leopold also founded the monasteries of Heiligenkreuz, Kleinmariazell and Seitenstetten which developed a territory still largely covered by forest. All of these induced the church to canonize him in 1485.

Leopold also fostered the development of cities, such as Klosterneuburg, Vienna and Krems. The last one was granted the right to mint but never attained great importance.

The writings of Henry of Melk and Ava of Göttweig, which are the first literary texts from Austria, date back to Leopold's time.

He is buried in the Klosterneuburg Monastery, which he founded. His skull is kept in an embroidered reliquary, which leaves the forehead exposed; it also wears an archducal crown.

In 1663, under the rule of his namesake Emperor Leopold I, he was declared patron saint of Austria instead of Saint Koloman.

The brothers Joseph and Michael Haydn, each of whom sang in the choir of St. Stephen's Cathedral, both sang in that capacity at Klosterneuburg on this day. Joseph Haydn later became the more famous composer of the two. Michael Haydn later (1805) wrote a Mass in honour of Leopold, the Missa sub titulo Sancti Leopoldi.

Since the death of King Leopold I, the King's Feast is celebrated in Belgium on Leopold's feast day.

Children

By his first marriage, possibly to a lady of the Perg family:

• Adalbert or Albert II The Devout, Markgraf (1136–1137), d. 1137

By his second wife, Agnes of Germany, widow of Frederick I, Duke of Swabia:

• Leopold IV


• 
  Henry II Jasomirgott.


• Berta, m. Henry III, Burggraf of Regensburg.


• 
  Agnes, m. Władysław II of Poland.


• Ernst.


• 
  Otto of Freising, Bishop and biographer of his nephew (from his mother's first marriage), Emperor Frederick I "Barbarossa".


• 
  Conrad, Bishop of Passau and Archbishop of Salzburg.


• Elizabeth, m. Hermann II of Winzenburg.


• 
  Judith, m. William V of Montferrat.


• 
  Gertrude, m. King Vladislaus II of Bohemia.

According to the Continuation of the Chronicles of Klosterneuburg, there may have been up to seven others (possibly from multiple births) stillborn or died in infancy.

Gallery

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  Stained glass, Gaaden, Lower Austria
  

  
  

  
  


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  Österreichische Schule, eighteenth century
  

  
  

  
  


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  Saint Leopold Chapel, Stephansdom
  

  
  

  
  


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  Saint Leopold's skull relic, Klosterneuburg Monastery
  

  
  

  
  

See also

• List of rulers of Austria

References

Citations

Bibliography

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Leopold III, Margrave of Austria.

• 
  Leopold III., Heiliger, Babenberger-Markgraf at AEIOU
  


• Leopold at Patron Saints Index