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Justify, the 13th winner, at the 2018 Preakness Stakes.

In the United States, the Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing, commonly known as the Triple Crown, is a title awarded to a three-year-old Thoroughbred horse who wins the Kentucky Derby, Preakness Stakes, and Belmont Stakes. The three races were inaugurated in different years, the last being the Kentucky Derby in 1875. These races are now run annually in May and early June of each year. The Triple Crown Trophy, commissioned in 1950 but awarded to all previous winners as well as those after 1950, is awarded to a Triple Crown winner.

The first winner of all three Triple Crown races was Sir Barton in 1919. Some journalists began using the term Triple Crown to refer to the three races as early as 1923, but it was not until Gallant Fox won the three events in 1930 that Charles Hatton of the Daily Racing Form put the term into common use.

In the history of the Triple Crown, 13 horses have won all three races: Sir Barton (1919), Gallant Fox (1930), Omaha (1935), War Admiral (1937), Whirlaway (1941), Count Fleet (1943), Assault (1946), Citation (1948), Secretariat (1973), Seattle Slew (1977), Affirmed (1978), American Pharoah (2015), and Justify (2018). As of 2018, American Pharoah and Justify are the only living Triple Crown winners.

James E. "Sunny Jim" Fitzsimmons was the first trainer to win the Triple Crown more than once; he trained both Gallant Fox and his son Omaha for the Belair Stud breeding farm. Gallant Fox and Omaha are the only father-son duo to win the Triple Crown. Bob Baffert became the second trainer to win the Triple Crown twice, training American Pharoah and Justify. Belair Stud and Calumet Farm are tied as the owners with the most Triple Crown victories with two apiece. Calumet Farms won with Whirlaway and Citation. Eddie Arcaro rode both of Calumet Farms' Triple Crown champions and is the only jockey to win more than one Triple Crown.

Secretariat holds the stakes record time for each of the three races. His time of 2:24 for ​1 ¹⁄₂ miles in the 1973 Belmont Stakes also set a world record that still stands.^[1]

Development

The three Triple Crown races had been run for decades before the series received its name; the Belmont Stakes was first run in 1867, the Preakness in 1873,^[2] and the Kentucky Derby, in 1875. The term was in use at least by 1923, although Daily Racing Form writer Charles Hatton is commonly credited with originating the term in 1930.^[3]

Their order has varied. Before 1931, the Preakness was run before the Kentucky Derby eleven times. On May 12, 1917, and May 13, 1922, the Kentucky Derby and Preakness were run on the same day. Since 1931, the Kentucky Derby has been run first, followed by the Preakness, and then the Belmont.^[4]

Each Triple Crown race is open to both colts and fillies. Although fillies have won each of the individual Triple Crown races, none has won the Triple Crown itself.^[5] Despite attempts to develop a "Filly Triple Crown" or a "Triple Tiara" for fillies only, no set series of three races has consistently remained in the public eye, and at least four different configurations of races have been used. Two fillies won the series of the Kentucky Oaks, the Pimlico Oaks (now the Black-Eyed Susan Stakes), and the Coaching Club American Oaks, in 1949 and 1952, but the racing press did not designate either accomplishment as a "Triple Crown". In 1961, the New York Racing Association created a filly Triple Crown of in-state races only, but the races changed over the years. Eight fillies won the NYRA Triple Tiara between 1968 and 1993.^[6]

Gelded colts may run in any of the three races today, but they were prohibited from entering the Belmont between 1919 and 1957. Geldings have won each of the individual races,^[7][8] but like fillies, no gelding has ever won the Triple Crown. The closest was Funny Cide, who won the Derby and the Preakness in 2003.^[9]

All the races are held on dirt tracks, rather than the turf commonly used for important races in Europe.^{[citation needed]}

Triple Crown races

Race	Date	Current Track	Location	Distance	Background	Cite	Trophy
Kentucky Derby "The Run for the Roses"	First Saturday in May	Churchill Downs	Louisville, Kentucky	1 1⁄4 miles (2,000 m)	Inaugurated in 1875, the race was originally 1 1⁄2 miles (2,400 m) until 1896 when it was shortened to its current distance. It is the only one of the three races to have been continuously run from its inception. Colts and geldings carry 126 pounds (57 kg) and fillies 121 pounds (55 kg). The field has been limited to 20 horses since 1975.	[10]	The Kentucky Derby Trophy
Preakness Stakes "The Run for the Black-Eyed Susans"	Third Saturday in May	Pimlico Race Course	Baltimore, Maryland	1 3⁄16 miles (1,900 m)	Started in 1873 and continuously run since 1894, it is the shortest of the three races. Pimlico was the home of the race from 1873 to 1889 and again from 1908 until the present. The Preakness was not run from 1891 to 1893. Weights are the same as for the Derby. Field is limited to 14 horses.	[11][12]	The Woodlawn Vase
Belmont Stakes "The Test of the Champion"	Third Saturday following the Preakness (first or second Saturday in June)	Belmont Park	Elmont, New York	1 1⁄2 miles (2,400 m)	Begun in 1867, it is the oldest of the three races and the longest, though not held in 1911 and 1912 due to anti-gambling legislation in New York. Race was held at various New York tracks until 1905 when Belmont Park became the permanent location. Distance varied from 1 5⁄8 to 1 1⁄8 miles (2,600 to 1,800 m) until set at 1 1⁄2 miles (2,400 m) in 1926. Weight assignments are the same as the other two races. Field is limited to 16 horses.	[13][14][15]	The August Belmont Trophy

Winners

The Triple Crown Trophy

The sixth winner, Count Fleet, in the 1943 Kentucky Derby

The seventh winner, Assault in 1946 with Warren Mehrtens, jockey

Triple Crown winners^[16]

Year	Winner	Jockey	Trainer	Owner	Breeder	Colors
1919	Sir Barton	Johnny Loftus	H. Guy Bedwell	J. K. L. Ross	John E. Madden
1930	Gallant Fox	Earl Sande	Jim Fitzsimmons	Belair Stud	Belair Stud
1935	Omaha	Willie "Smokey" Saunders	Jim Fitzsimmons	Belair Stud	Belair Stud
1937	War Admiral	Charles Kurtsinger	George Conway	Samuel D. Riddle	Samuel D. Riddle
1941	Whirlaway	Eddie Arcaro	Ben A. Jones	Calumet Farm	Calumet Farm
1943	Count Fleet	Johnny Longden	Don Cameron	Fannie Hertz	Fannie Hertz
1946	Assault	Warren Mehrtens	Max Hirsch	King Ranch	King Ranch
1948	Citation	Eddie Arcaro	Horace A. "Jimmy" Jones	Calumet Farm	Calumet Farm
1973	Secretariat	Ron Turcotte	Lucien Laurin	Meadow Stable	Meadow Stable
1977	Seattle Slew	Jean Cruguet	William H. Turner, Jr.	Mickey and Karen L. Taylor, Tayhill Stable/Jim Hill, et al.	Ben S. Castleman
1978	Affirmed	Steve Cauthen	Laz Barrera	Harbor View Farm	Harbor View Farm
2015	American Pharoah	Victor Espinoza	Bob Baffert	Ahmed Zayat	Ahmed Zayat
2018	Justify	Mike Smith	Bob Baffert	China Horse Club Head of Plains Partners Starlight Racing WinStar Farm	John D. Gunther	and †
† During his 2018 bid for the Triple Crown, Justify used the colors of WinStar Farms (white, green and black star) for the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes. The colors of China Horse Club (red, yellow stars and sleeves) were used in the Belmont Stakes.

At completion of the 2016 season, the three Triple Crown races have attracted 4,224 entrants. Of these, 292 horses have won a single leg of the Triple Crown, 52 horses have won two of the races (23 the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes, 18 the Preakness Stakes and Belmont Stakes, and 11 the Kentucky Derby and Belmont Stakes), and 13 horses have won all three races. Pillory won both the Preakness Stakes and Belmont Stakes in 1922, a year when it was impossible to win the Triple Crown because the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes were run on the same day.

10 of the 13 winners have been "homebreds", owned at the time of their win by their breeders.^[17]

Jim Fitzsimmons and Bob Baffert are the only two trainers to have two horses win the Triple Crown, with Fitzsimmons training the sire/son combination of 1930 winner Gallant Fox and 1935 winner Omaha and Baffert training 2015 winner American Pharoah and 2018 winner Justify. The wins by Fitzsimmons were also the first time that an owner and the first time that a breeder, Belair Stud holding both duties, had a repeat win of the Triple Crown. Calumet Farm is the only other owner with two Triple Crown horses, 1941 winner Whirlaway and 1948 winner Citation. Eddie Arcaro is the only jockey to ride two horses to the Triple Crown, both for Calumet, Whirlaway and Citation. Those two horses' trainers, Ben Jones and Jimmy Jones, were father and son.

All 13 horses, and most owners, trainers, and jockeys were born in the United States. The exceptions were jockey Johnny Longden, born in England and raised in Canada; French-born jockey Jean Cruguet; trainer Laz Barrera, from Cuba; and jockey Victor Espinoza, from Mexico. Secretariat's trainer, Lucien Laurin and jockey, Ron Turcotte were both Canadians. Owner Fannie Hertz was married to John D. Hertz, who was born in Slovakia; owner Ahmed Zayat was born in Egypt. Jockey Willie Saunders is considered a Canadian jockey because he grew up and established his career there, but was born in Montana. The horse Sir Barton was foaled in the United States but had a Canadian owner, J. K. L. Ross, at the time of his Triple Crown win, while Justify's owners were from both the United States and China.

Records

Secretariat holds the stakes record for each of the Triple Crown races, the Kentucky Derby (1:59 2/5), the Preakness Stakes (1:53), and the Belmont Stakes (2:24).^[18][19]

At 18, Steve Cauthen became the youngest jockey to win the Triple Crown, riding Affirmed in 1978. At 52, Mike Smith became the oldest jockey to win the Triple Crown, riding Justify in 2018.

Other notable achievements

Only one horse, Alydar, has placed (finished second) in all three races. He was defeated by Affirmed in all three races in 1978 by a combined margin of two lengths. His trainer John Veitch is the only trainer to have done this with one horse. In 1995, D. Wayne Lukas became the first and only major figure (owner, jockey, or trainer) to win all three Triple Crown races with different horses, Thunder Gulch in the Derby and Belmont, Timber Country in the Preakness. Lukas also is the only trainer to have won six straight Triple Crown races, adding his 1995 wins, having won the 1994 Preakness and Belmont with Tabasco Cat and the 1996 Derby with Grindstone.^[20]

Like Veitch, only with two different horses, Bob Baffert also had second-place finishes in all three legs of the Triple Crown, both owned by Ahmed Zayat: in 2012, Bodemeister finished second in the Kentucky Derby and Preakness stakes to I'll Have Another, then Paynter was entered and finished second to Union Rags.^[21] Baffert and Zayat teamed up again for the 2015 Triple Crown victory of American Pharoah.

Gallant Fox is the only Triple Crown winner to sire another U.S. Triple Crown winner, Omaha. Affirmed sired Peteski, winner of the 1993 Canadian Triple Crown.^[22]

Whirlaway, in addition to winning the 1941 Triple Crown, also won the Travers Stakes that year, becoming the first and only horse to date to accomplish that feat.

American Pharoah, in addition to winning the 2015 Triple Crown, also won the Breeders' Cup Classic that year. As the Breeders' Cup was not established until 1984, American Pharoah was the first (and, as of 2018, only) horse to sweep all four races, a feat that came to be known as the Grand Slam.^[23][24]

Gaps between wins

California Chrome (second from right) was stepped on by the number 3 horse while leaving the starting gate at the 2014 Belmont Stakes

After the first Triple Crown winner, Sir Barton, in 1919, there was not another winner until Gallant Fox in 1930, a gap of 11 years. Between 1930 and 1948, seven horses won the Triple Crown, with five years being the longest gap between winners. However, following the 1948 win of Citation, there was a considerable gap of 25 years before Secretariat ended the drought of Triple Crown champions in 1973. Between 1973 and 1978, there were three Triple Crown winners.

After Affirmed's Triple Crown in 1978, the longest drought in Triple Crown history began in 1979 with Spectacular Bid's failed Triple Crown attempt at the Belmont Stakes, and lasted until American Pharoah won in 2015. Between 1979 and 2014 thirteen horses won both the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes, but either failed to win the Belmont Stakes or could not start in the race. Of those, Real Quiet came the closest to winning the Triple Crown, losing the Belmont Stakes by a nose in 1998.
Spectacular Bid finished 3rd in 1979.
Pleasant Colony finished 3rd in 1981.
Alysheba finished 4th in 1987.
Sunday Silence finished 2nd in 1989.
Real Quiet finished 2nd in 1998.
Charismatic finished 3rd in 1999.
War Emblem finished 8th in 2002.
Funny Cide finished 3rd in 2003.
Smarty Jones finished 2nd in 2004.
Big Brown did not finish in 2008.
I'll Have Another did not start (injury) 2012.
California Chrome finished 4th in 2014.

In the 1979-2015 period, horses who contested all three races, losing the Kentucky Derby but winning the Preakness and the Belmont were Risen Star in 1988, Hansel in 1991, Tabasco Cat in 1994, Point Given in 2001, and Afleet Alex in 2005. In 1984, Swale and in 1995, Thunder Gulch ran all three races, winning the Derby and the Belmont, but not the Preakness.

The 37-year gap between the Triple Crown wins of Affirmed and American Pharoah drew criticism of the system. As far back as 1986, reporters noted that horses who were fresh for the Belmont had an advantage.^[25] In 2003, Gary Stevens stated in an interview with Charlie Rose that he did not believe there would be another Triple Crown winner because of the tendency for owners to put fresh horses in the Preakness and Belmont Stakes.^[26] California Chrome co-owner Steve Coburn was particularly critical of the Triple Crown system in post-Belmont remarks in 2014; he considered the system to be unfair, arguing that there would never be another Triple Crown winner in his lifetime unless only horses that competed in the Kentucky Derby and Preakness competed at the Belmont. By 2014, six of the previous eight Belmont winners had not competed in either of the first two legs of the Triple Crown.^[27] Additionally, from 2006 to 2014, the Belmont winner was a horse who had not competed in the Preakness.^[28] American Pharoah was the first Belmont winner since Afleet Alex in 2005 to have run all three Triple Crown races.^[29]

Unsuccessful bids

Big Brown, the winner of the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes, at the 2008 Belmont Stakes, where he was pulled up and did not finish.

Since all three races were inaugurated, as of 2017^[update], 23 horses have won the Derby and Preakness but not the Belmont:

• 1932: Burgoo King did not enter the Belmont due to lameness.^{[30]:78, 182}
  


• 1936: Bold Venture did not enter the Belmont due to lameness.^{[30]:78, 182}
  


• 1944: Pensive was the first horse to contest but lose the Belmont after winning the first two legs. He placed second to Bounding Home,^[30]:78 who had neither run in the Derby nor the Preakness.^[2]
  


• 1958: Tim Tam, defeated by six lengths by Cavan, who had neither contested the Derby nor Preakness.^[2]
  


• 1961: Carry Back, "sore" after the race, was seventh of nine entries, ​14 ¹⁄₂ lengths behind the winner, a longshot named Sherluck.^[2]
  


• 1964: Northern Dancer, defeated by Quadrangle.^[2]
  


• 1966: Kauai King, defeated by Amberoid.^[2]
  


• 1968: Forward Pass, defeated by Stage Door Johnny by ​1 ¹⁄₄ lengths.^[2]
  


• 1969: Majestic Prince, second by ​5 ¹⁄₂ lengths to Arts and Letters. Loss attributed to fatigue and lameness.^[2][31]
  


• 1971: Cañonero II, fourth in the Belmont to 34–1 longshot Pass Catcher,^[2] the loss attributed to a hoof problem.^[32]
  


• 1979: Spectacular Bid, third in Belmont, was alleged to have stepped on a safety pin the morning of the race, though another theory blamed rider error by an inexperienced young jockey moving him too soon.^[33] He finished ​3 ¹⁄₄ lengths behind Coastal and a neck behind the second-place horse, Golden Act.^[34]
  


• 1981: Pleasant Colony, third in Belmont, ​1 ¹⁄₂ lengths behind Summing and the second-place horse, Highland Blade.^[35]
  


• 1987: Alysheba finished fourth in Belmont behind Bet Twice, Cryptoclearance, and Gulch.^[33][36]
  


• 1989: Sunday Silence, second in Belmont, eight lengths behind Easy Goer.^[33]
  


• 1997: Silver Charm, second in Belmont, ​³⁄₄ length behind Touch Gold.^[37]
  


• 1998: Real Quiet, second in Belmont after a photo finish, a nose behind Victory Gallop.^[38]
  


• 1999: Charismatic, third in Belmont, ​1 ¹⁄₂ lengths behind Lemon Drop Kid and second-place Vision and Verse. Charismatic was pulled up soon after the finish, vanned off with a bone fracture. He survived and was retired to stud.^[39]
  


• 2002: War Emblem stumbled at gate in Belmont, finished eighth out of 11. Winner Sarava scored upset at record odds of 70-1.^[40]
  


• 2003: Funny Cide, third in Belmont, five lengths behind Empire Maker, and ​4 ¹⁄₄ lengths behind second-place horse, Ten Most Wanted.^[41]
  


• 2004: Smarty Jones, second in Belmont, one length behind Birdstone.^[42]
  


• 
  2008: Big Brown was pulled up in the home stretch of the Belmont, eased to a last-place finish. Winner was Da' Tara. A hoof problem had limited Big Brown's training, and may have been a factor in his defeat.^[43]
  


• 
  2012: I'll Have Another was scratched from the Belmont the day before the race due to a tendon injury.^[33]
  


• 
  2014: California Chrome finished in a dead heat for 4th in the Belmont after being stepped on by another horse leaving the gate and running the race with an injury to his heel and a scrape on his tendon.^[44]
  

Sponsorship and broadcasting

Originally, the three races largely organized their own nominations procedure, marketing and television broadcast rights. In 1985, Triple Crown Productions was created when the owner of Spend a Buck chose not to run in the other two Triple Crown races because of a financial incentive offered to any Kentucky Derby winner who could win a set of competing races in New Jersey. The organizers of the three races realized that they needed to work together.^[45]

Efforts to unify the sponsorship and marketing of all three Triple Crown races began in 1987 when ABC Sports negotiated a deal with Chrysler to pay $5 million to any horse that swept all three races, and $1 million each year there was no Triple Crown sweep to the horse with the highest combined Triple Crown finish.^[46] This sponsorship lasted until 1993. The end of the $1 million participation bonus was linked to the breakdown of Prairie Bayou at the Belmont Stakes that year and the uncomfortable situation that arose when the Kentucky Derby winner, Sea Hero, was given the bonus following a seventh-place finish.^[45]

In 1995, Visa USA took over the sponsorship with a 10-year contract, naming the series the Visa Triple Crown and offering only the $5 million bonus to a horse that could sweep the Triple Crown.^[47] Along with sponsorship by VISA, NBC Sports paid $51.5 million for broadcast rights to all three races, with the revenue split giving 50% of the total to Churchill Downs and 25% each to Pimlico and to the New York Racing Association (NYRA).^[45]

The Visa deal—and the cooperative effort—ended after 2005. The NYRA felt that they did not get a fair share of the revenue, particularly when the Belmont had the highest ratings of all three races in the years where a Triple Crown was on the line.^[45] From 2001 through 2013, average viewership for the Belmont was 7 million when the Triple Crown was not at stake, whereas viewership averaged 13 million when it was.^[a][48] With the contract term ending, the NYRA went to ESPN on ABC for the 2006 Belmont, while the broadcasts of the Derby and Preakness remained with NBC.^[45] Visa chose to remain as a sponsor of only Kentucky Derby for the next five years.^[47] As a result of the divided broadcast, Triple Crown Productions was unable to obtain a new sponsor.^[45]

In February 2011, ABC/ESPN dropped out of the negotiations to renew broadcast rights to the Belmont Stakes. NBC obtained the contract through 2015, once again uniting all three races on the same network.^[49][50][51] In 2014, NBC extended their contract for the Kentucky Derby through 2025.^[52] As of August 2015^[update], NBC obtained a broadcast contract for the Belmont through 2020 and the Preakness through 2022.^[53]

Individual race winners

Key for full list of race winners

	Denotes winners of the Triple Crown
*	Denotes winners of the Derby and Preakness but not the Belmont
#	Denotes other winners of any other combination of 2 out of the 3 Triple Crown races

Full list of race winners

Year	Kentucky Derby	Preakness Stakes	Belmont Stakes
1867			Ruthless[Fy]
1868			General Duke
1869			Fenian
1870			Kingfisher
1871			Harry Bassett
1872			Joe Daniels
1873		Survivor	Springbok
1874		Culpepper	Saxon
1875	Aristides	Tom Ochiltree	Calvin
1876	Vagrant	Shirley	Algerine
1877	Baden-Baden	# Cloverbrook	# Cloverbrook
1878	Day Star	# Duke of Magenta	# Duke of Magenta
1879	Lord Murphy	Harold	Spendthrift
1880	Fonso	# Grenada	# Grenada
1881	Hindoo	# Saunterer	# Saunterer
1882	Apollo	Vanguard	Forester
1883	Leonatus	Jacobus	George Kinney
1884	Buchanan	Knight of Ellerslie	Panique
1885	Joe Cotton	Tecumseh	Tyrant
1886	Ben Ali	The Bard	Inspector B
1887	Montrose	Dunboyne	Hanover
1888	Macbeth II	Refund	Sir Dixon
1889	Spokane	Buddhist	Eric
1890	Riley	Montague[b]	Burlington
1891	Kingman	RNR	Foxford
1892	Azra	RNR	Patron
1893	Lookout	RNR	Commanche
1894	Chant	Assignee[c]	Henry of Navarre
1895	Halma	# Belmar[c]	# Belmar
1896	Ben Brush	Margrave[c]	Hastings
1897	Typhoon II	Paul Kauvar[c]	Scottish Chieftain
1898	Plaudit	Sly Fox[c]	Bowling Brook
1899	Manuel	Half Time[c]	Jean Bereaud
1900	Lieut. Gibson	Hindus[c]	Ildrim
1901	His Eminence	The Parader[c]	Commando
1902	Alan-a-Dale	Old England[c]	Masterman
1903	Judge Himes	Flocarline[Fy][c]	Africander
1904	Elwood	Bryn Mawr[c]	Delhi
1905	Agile	Cairngorm[c]	Tanya[Fy]
1906	Sir Huon	Whimsical[Fy][c]	Burgomaster
1907	Pink Star	Don Enrique[c]	Peter Pan I
1908	Stone Street	Royal Tourist[c]	Colin
1909	Wintergreen	Effendi	Joe Madden
1910	Donau	Layminster	Sweep
1911	Meridian	Watervale	RNR
1912	Worth	Colonel Holloway	RNR
1913	Donerail	Buskin	Prince Eugene
1914	Old Rosebud	Holiday	Luke McLuke
1915	Regret[Fy]	Rhine Maiden[Fy]	The Finn
1916	George Smith	Damrosch	Friar Rock
1917	Omar Khayyam[d]	Kalitan[d]	Hourless
1918	Exterminator	War Cloud[e] Jack Hare, Jr.[e]	Johren
1919	Sir Barton	Sir Barton	Sir Barton
1920	Paul Jones	# Man o' War	# Man o' War
1921	Behave Yourself	Broomspun	Grey Lag
1922	Morvich[d]	# Pillory[d]	# Pillory
1923	# Zev	Vigil	# Zev
1924	Black Gold	Nellie Morse[Fy]	Mad Play
1925	Flying Ebony	Coventry	American Flag
1926	Bubbling Over	Display	Crusader
1927	Whiskery	Bostonian	Chance Shot
1928	Reigh Count	Victorian	Vito
1929	Clyde Van Dusen	Dr. Freeland	Blue Larkspur
1930	Gallant Fox	Gallant Fox	Gallant Fox
1931	# Twenty Grand	Mate	# Twenty Grand
1932	* Burgoo King	* Burgoo King	Faireno
1933	Brokers Tip	Head Play	Hurryoff
1934	Cavalcade	High Quest	Peace Chance
1935	Omaha	Omaha	Omaha
1936	* Bold Venture	* Bold Venture	Granville
1937	War Admiral	War Admiral	War Admiral
1938	Lawrin	Dauber	Pasteurized
1939	# Johnstown	Challedon	# Johnstown
1940	Gallahadion	# Bimelech	# Bimelech
1941	Whirlaway	Whirlaway	Whirlaway
1942	# Shut Out	Alsab	# Shut Out
1943	Count Fleet	Count Fleet	Count Fleet
1944	* Pensive	* Pensive	Bounding Home
1945	Hoop Jr.	Polynesian	Pavot
1946	Assault	Assault	Assault
1947	Jet Pilot	Faultless	Phalanx
1948	Citation	Citation	Citation
1949	Ponder	# Capot	# Capot
1950	# Middleground	Hill Prince	# Middleground
1951	Count Turf	Bold	Counterpoint
1952	Hill Gail	Blue Man	One Count
1953	Dark Star	# Native Dancer	# Native Dancer
1954	Determine	Hasty Road	High Gun
1955	Swaps	# Nashua	# Nashua
1956	# Needles	Fabius	# Needles
1957	Iron Liege	Bold Ruler	Gallant Man
1958	* Tim Tam	* Tim Tam	Cavan
1959	Tomy Lee	Royal Orbit	Sword Dancer
1960	Venetian Way	Bally Ache	Celtic Ash
1961	* Carry Back	* Carry Back	Sherluck
1962	Decidedly	Greek Money	Jaipur
1963	# Chateaugay	Candy Spots	# Chateaugay[f]
1964	* Northern Dancer	* Northern Dancer	Quadrangle[f]
1965	Lucky Debonair	Tom Rolfe	Hail To All[f]
1966	* Kauai King	* Kauai King	Amberoid[f]
1967	Proud Clarion	# Damascus	# Damascus[f]
1968	* Forward Pass[g]	* Forward Pass	Stage Door Johnny
1969	* Majestic Prince	* Majestic Prince	Arts and Letters
1970	Dust Commander	Personality	High Echelon
1971	* Canonero II	* Canonero II	Pass Catcher
1972	# Riva Ridge	Bee Bee Bee	# Riva Ridge
1973	Secretariat	Secretariat	Secretariat
1974	Cannonade	# Little Current	# Little Current
1975	Foolish Pleasure	Master Derby	Avatar
1976	# Bold Forbes	Elocutionist	# Bold Forbes
1977	Seattle Slew	Seattle Slew	Seattle Slew
1978	Affirmed	Affirmed	Affirmed
1979	* Spectacular Bid	* Spectacular Bid	Coastal
1980	Genuine Risk[Fy]	Codex	Temperence Hill
1981	* Pleasant Colony	* Pleasant Colony	Summing
1982	Gato Del Sol	Aloma's Ruler	Conquistador Cielo
1983	Sunny's Halo	Deputed Testamony	Caveat
1984	# Swale	Gate Dancer	# Swale
1985	Spend A Buck	Tank's Prospect	Creme Fraiche
1986	Ferdinand	Snow Chief	Danzig Connection
1987	* Alysheba	* Alysheba	Bet Twice
1988	Winning Colors[Fy]	# Risen Star	# Risen Star
1989	* Sunday Silence	* Sunday Silence	Easy Goer
1990	Unbridled	Summer Squall	Go And Go
1991	Strike the Gold	# Hansel	# Hansel
1992	Lil E. Tee	Pine Bluff	A.P. Indy
1993	Sea Hero	Prairie Bayou	Colonial Affair
1994	Go for Gin	# Tabasco Cat	# Tabasco Cat
1995	# Thunder Gulch	Timber Country	# Thunder Gulch
1996	Grindstone	Louis Quatorze	Editor's Note
1997	* Silver Charm	* Silver Charm	Touch Gold
1998	* Real Quiet	* Real Quiet	Victory Gallop
1999	* Charismatic	* Charismatic	Lemon Drop Kid
2000	Fusaichi Pegasus	Red Bullet	Commendable
2001	Monarchos	# Point Given	# Point Given
2002	* War Emblem	* War Emblem	Sarava
2003	* Funny Cide	* Funny Cide	Empire Maker
2004	* Smarty Jones	* Smarty Jones	Birdstone
2005	Giacomo	# Afleet Alex	# Afleet Alex
2006	Barbaro	Bernardini	Jazil
2007	Street Sense	Curlin	Rags to Riches[Fy]
2008	* Big Brown	* Big Brown	Da' Tara
2009	Mine That Bird	Rachel Alexandra[Fy]	Summer Bird
2010	Super Saver	Lookin at Lucky	Drosselmeyer
2011	Animal Kingdom	Shackleford	Ruler on Ice
2012	* I'll Have Another	* I'll Have Another	Union Rags[h]
2013	Orb	Oxbow	Palace Malice
2014	* California Chrome	* California Chrome	Tonalist
2015	American Pharoah	American Pharoah	American Pharoah
2016	Nyquist	Exaggerator	Creator
2017	Always Dreaming	Cloud Computing	Tapwrit
2018	Justify	Justify	Justify
2019

Notes

• 
  ^[Fy] Denotes a filly. Fillies won the Kentucky Derby in 1915, 1980, and 1988, Preakness Stakes in 1903, 1906, 1915, 1924, and 2009, and Belmont Stakes in 1867, 1905, and 2007.


• 
  ^RNR Race not run. The Belmont was not run in 1911 and 1912 due to anti-betting legislation passed in New York State. The Preakness did not run 1891–1893.

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to The Kentucky Derby, Preakness Stakes and Belmont Stakes.

Book: Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing (United States)

• American thoroughbred racing top attended events


• British Classic Races


• French Classic Races


• Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing


• Grand Slam of Thoroughbred racing

References

External links

• Official website


• BloodHorse.com Triple Crown Mania


• Ten Things You Should Know About the Triple Crown at Hello Race Fans


• 
  Triple Crown Winners – slideshow by Life magazine