Intergovernmental Authority on Development






























































Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD)


الهيئة الحكومية للتنمية
Autorité intergouvernementale pour le développement


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Seal

Location of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development
Headquarters Djibouti Djibouti City
Official languages English
Membership
Leaders
• Executive Secretary
Kenya Mahboub Maalim

Establishment January 1986 (As IGADD)
1996
Area
• Total
 5,204,977 km2 (2,009,653 sq mi)

GDP (PPP)
 estimate
• Total
 $337.82 billion

GDP (nominal)
 estimate
• Total
 $197.202 billion
• Per capita
 $888.5
Time zone
UTC+3 (East Africa Time)

Website
www.igad.org

The Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) is an eight-country trade bloc in Africa. It includes governments from the Horn of Africa, Nile Valley and the African Great Lakes. Its headquarters are in Djibouti City.




Contents






  • 1 Member states


  • 2 Formation


  • 3 IGASOM/AMISOM


  • 4 Current situation


  • 5 Structure


  • 6 Comparison with other regional trade blocs


  • 7 See also


  • 8 Notes


  • 9 External links





Member states


Horn of Africa



  •  Djibouti (founding member, since 1986)


  •  Ethiopia (founding member, since 1986)


  •  Somalia (founding member, since 1986)


  •  Eritrea (admitted 1993, withdrew 2007, readmitted 2011)[1]


Nile Valley



  •  Sudan (founding member, since 1986)


  •  South Sudan (admitted 2011)[2]


African Great Lakes



  •  Kenya (founding member, since 1986)


  •  Uganda (founding member, since 1986)



Formation


The Intergovernmental Authority on Development was established in 1996. It succeeded the earlier Intergovernmental Authority on Drought and Development (IGADD), a multinational body founded in 1986 by Djibouti, Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan, Uganda and Kenya, with a focus on development and environmental control. IGADD's headquarters were later moved to Djibouti, following an agreement signed in January 1986 by the member states. Eritrea joined the organization in 1993, upon achieving independence.[3]


In April 1995, the Assembly of Heads of State and Government met in Addis Ababa, where they agreed to strengthen cooperation through the organization. This was followed with the signing of a Letter of Instrument to Amend the IGADD Charter / Agreement on 21 March 1996. The Revitalised IGAD, a new organizational structure, was eventually launched on 25 November 1996 in Djibouti.[3]



IGASOM/AMISOM

































African Union
Map of the African Union.svg

This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
the African Union










Financial bodies



  • AEC Pillars (Abuja Treaty)

    • CEN-SAD

    • COMESA

    • EAC


    • ECCAS/CEEAC
      • CEMAC



    • ECOWAS

      • UEMOA

      • WAMZ



    • IGAD


    • SADC
      • SACU


    • AMU/UMA



  • African Central Bank

  • African Monetary Union

  • African Investment Bank


  • New Partnership for Africa's Development
    • African Peer Review Mechanism







  • Other countries

  • Atlas




  • v

  • t

  • e


Main article: AMISOM

In September 2006, the AU Peace and Security Council approved an IGAD proposal to deploy an IGAD Peace Support Mission in Somalia (IGASOM).[4]


On 21 February 2007, the United Nations Security Council approved Resolution 1744, which authorized the deployment of a new African Union Mission to Somalia (AMISOM) in place of IGASOM.[5]



Current situation



  • IGAD is a principal supporter of the Federal Government of Somalia through the AMISOM initiative.

  • IGAD expanded its activities in 2008 with initiatives to improve the investment, trade and banking environments of member states. The organization stressed the deployment of highly innovative programmes and mechanisms.



Structure



  • The Assembly of Heads of State and Government is the supreme policy making organ of the Authority. It determines the objectives, guidelines and programs for IGAD and meets once a year. A Chairman is elected from among the member states in rotation.

  • The Secretariat is headed by an Executive Secretary appointed by the Assembly of Heads of State and Government for a term of four years renewable once. The Secretariat assists member states in formulating regional projects in the priority areas, facilitates the coordination and harmonization of development policies, mobilizes resources to implement regional projects and programs approved by the Council and reinforces national infrastructures necessary for implementing regional projects and policies. The current Executive Secretary is Eng. Mahboub Maalim of Kenya (since 14 June 2008).

  • The Council of Ministers is composed of the Ministers of Foreign Affairs and one other Minister designated by each member state. The Council formulates policy, approves the work program and annual budget of the Secretariat during its biannual sessions.

  • The Committee of Ambassadors comprises IGAD member states' Ambassadors or Plenipotentiaries accredited to the country of IGAD Headquarters. It convenes as often as the need arises to advise and guide the Executive Secretary.



Comparison with other regional trade blocs




























































































































African Economic Community


Pillars
regional
blocs (REC)1
Area (km²)
Population
GDP (PPP) ($US)
Member
states

in millions
per capita

AEC
 29,910,442
 853,520,010
 2,053,706
 2,406
 54

ECOWAS
 5,112,903
 349,154,000
 1,322,452
 3,888
 15

ECCAS
 6,667,421
 121,245,958
 175,928
 1,451
 11

SADC
 9,882,959
 233,944,179
 737,335
 3,152
 15

EAC
 2,440,409
 169,519,847
 411,813
 2,429
 6

COMESA
 12,873,957
 406,102,471
 735,599
 1,811
 20

IGAD
 5,233,604
 187,969,775
 225,049
 1,197
 7

Other
African
blocs
Area (km²)
Population
GDP (PPP) ($US)
Member
states

in millions
per capita

CEMAC 2
 3,020,142
 34,970,529
 85,136
 2,435
 6

SACU
 2,693,418
 51,055,878
 541,433
 10,605
 5

UEMOA 1
 3,505,375
 80,865,222
 101,640
 1,257
 8

UMA 2
 5,782,140
 84,185,073
 491,276
 5,836
 5

GAFTA 3
 5,876,960
 166,259,603
 635,450
 3,822
 5

1 Economic bloc inside a pillar REC

2 Proposed for pillar REC, but objecting participation
3 Non-African members of GAFTA are excluded from figures



  smallest value among the blocs compared


  largest value among the blocs compared

During 2004. Source: CIA World Factbook 2005, IMF WEO Database



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See also




  • East African Community (EAC)


  • Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA)



Notes





  1. ^ "Intergovernmental Authority on Development: About us: History". IGAD. 9 January 2010. Retrieved 29 December 2014..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ "East African bloc admits South Sudan as member". Reuters Africa. 25 November 2011. Retrieved 25 October 2012.


  3. ^ ab "IGAD - About us". Intergovernmental Authority on Development. Retrieved 25 August 2013.


  4. ^ "SOMALIA: African Union endorses regional peace plan". IRIN. 14 September 2006. Retrieved 25 August 2013.


  5. ^ "Resolution 1744 (2007)" (PDF). United Nations Security Council. Retrieved 25 August 2013.




External links



  • IGAD official site

  • Agreement Establishing the Intergovernmental Authority on Development

  • IGAD Profile (Institute for Security Studies)

  • Conflict Early Warning and Response Mechanism (CEWARN)









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