Vfrdtyky

This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in Italian. (July 2018) Click [show] for important translation instructions. Machine translation like Deepl or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary (using German): Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at [[:de:Exact name of German article]]; see its history for attribution. You should also add the template {{Translated page}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

Carlo Collodi
Born	Carlo Lorenzini (1826-11-24)24 November 1826 Florence, Grand Duchy of Tuscany
Died	26 October 1890(1890-10-26) (aged 63) Florence, Kingdom of Italy
Occupation	Writer, novelist
Nationality	Italian
Genre	Children's literature Political satire Journalism

Pinocchio, by Enrico Mazzanti (1852–1910), the first illustrator (1883) of The Adventures of Pinocchio

Carlo Lorenzini, better known by the pen name Carlo Collodi (Italian pronunciation: [ˈkarlo kolˈlɔːdi]; 24 November 1826 – 26 October 1890), was an Italian author, humorist,^[1] and journalist,^[2] widely known for his fairy tale novel The Adventures of Pinocchio.

Early life

Collodi was born in Florence on 24 November 1826. His mother Angiolina Orzali was a seamstress from the town of Collodi from which he took the stage-name and his father, Domenico Lorenzini was a cook and both worked for the Marquis Ginori Lisci.^[1] Collodi was the eldest in the family^[3] and he had 10 siblings but seven died at a young age. He spent most of his childhood in the town of Collodi where his mother was born. He lived there with his grandmother. After attending primary school, he was sent to study at a seminary called Colle Val d'Elsa.^[3] An account explained that Ginori offered financial aid but the boy found that he did not want to be a priest so he continued his education at the College of the Scolopi Fathers in Florence.^[4] Two years later, he started working at the bookstore Libreria Piatti, where he assisted Giuseppe Aiazzi, a prominent Italian manuscript specialist.^[4]

Career

During the Italian wars of Independence in 1848 and 1860 Collodi served as a volunteer with the Tuscan army. His active interest in political matters may be seen in his earliest literary works as well as in the founding of the satirical newspaper Il Lampione in 1853. This newspaper was censored by order of the Grand Duke of Tuscany. In 1854 he published his second newspaper, Lo scaramuccia ("The Controversy").^[5] Lorenzini's first publications were in his periodicals. A debut came in 1856 with the play Gli amici di casa and parodic guidebook Un romanzo in vapore, both in 1856.^[6] By 1860, he published his first notable work called Il signor Alberi ha ragione! (Mr. Alberi Is Right!), which outlined his political and cultural vision of Italy. This is the text where Lorenzini started using the Collodi pseudonym, which was taken from his mother's hometown.^[1]

Collodi had also begun intense activity on other political newspapers such as Il Fanfulla; at the same time he was employed by the Censorship Commission for the Theatre. During this period he composed various satirical sketches and stories (sometimes simply by collating earlier articles), including Macchiette (1880), Occhi e nasi (1881), Storie allegre (1887).^[7]

Collodi became disenchanted with Italian politics afterward so he turned to children's literature and his first works involved translating French fairy tales into Italian.^[3] In 1875, for instance, he completed Racconti delle fate, a translation of French fairy tales by Perrault. In 1876 Lorenzini wrote Giannettino (inspired by Alessandro Luigi Parravicini's Giannetto), the Minuzzolo, and Il viaggio per l'Italia di Giannettino, a pedagogic series which explored the unification of Italy through the ironic thoughts and actions of the character Giannettino.^[7]

Lorenzini became fascinated by the idea of using an amiable, rascally character as a means of expressing his own convictions through allegory. In 1880 he began writing Storia di un burattino (Story of a Marionette), also called Le avventure di Pinocchio, which was published weekly in Il Giornale per i Bambini, the first Italian newspaper for children.^[7] Pinocchio was adapted into a 1940 film by Disney that is considered to be one of Disney's greatest.^{[citation needed]}

Collodi died suddenly in Florence on 26 October 1890 and lies buried in Cimitero Monumentale Delle Porte Sante, Firenze, Toscana, Italy.^[8] The National "Carlo Collodi" Foundation was established to promote education and the works of Carlo Lorenzini, and the Park of Pinocchio attracts many visitors each year.

References

External links

• 
  Works written by or about Carlo Collodi at Wikisource
  


• 
  Media related to Carlo Collodi at Wikimedia Commons


• 
  Pinocchio Park Collodi Tuscany


• New York Review of Books


• 
  Carlo Collodi National Foundation Collodi Tuscany


• 
  Works by Carlo Collodi at Project Gutenberg
  
  • 
    Project Gutenberg e-text of The Adventures of Pinocchio (translated from the Italian by Carol Della Chiesa)
  
  


• 
  Works by or about Carlo Collodi at Internet Archive
  


• 
  Works by Carlo Collodi at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
  


• 
  Carlo Collodi at Find a Grave
  


• Carlo Collodi and Modern Politics – Any Parallels ?


• 
  from "Pinocchio. Le avventure di un burattino" listen to chapt.1 – 2 – 12 audio mp3 for free