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The Schoenstein Organ at the Conference Center is a pipe organ built by Schoenstein & Co., San Francisco, California located in the Conference Center of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) in Salt Lake City, Utah. The organ was completed in 2003. It is composed of 160 speaking stops spread over five manuals and pedals. Along with the nearby Salt Lake Tabernacle organ, it is typically used to accompany the Mormon Tabernacle Choir. Schoenstein & Co.'s president and tonal director, Jack Bethards, describes it as "an American Romantic organ" that is "probably more English than anything else." [1]
Originally, the builders were told the instrument would likely only be used during the LDS Church's April and October general conferences and a few other occasions annually. However, in addition to these events, the organ is now played for the second of two daily concerts during the summer tourist season (the first concert takes place in the Tabernacle, the regular home of the daily noon concerts), the annual First Presidency's Christmas Devotional, the Tabernacle Choir's Christmas concert series, and other numerous other performances throughout the year.[2]
The organ is about two-thirds the size of the Tabernacle organ in number of pipes (the Conference Center Organ has 7,708 pipes in 130 ranks, while the Tabernacle Organ has 11,623 pipes in 206 ranks).[3] Former Tabernacle organist John Longhurst described it as a "project of immense proportion." According to Bethards, when played as a solo instrument, it is never amplified; its sound carries through the auditorium under the organ's power alone.[2]
Longhurst described his reaction to the announcement in 1996 of the building of the Conference Center and his involvement in the building of the organ as follows:
"Needless to say, [the announcement of the Conference Center] made it difficult for me to concentrate on the rest of the Conference session. I could only begin to envision a space like President Hinckley had described. I assumed that an organ would be necessary in that building and immediately began considering what that instrument might be. By this time Robert Cundick had retired, and Richard Elliott was now on staff. As it turned out, all of the experience previously gained working on the other Temple Square organs (and particularly the Tabernacle organ, which we had thought of as a culmination) we now viewed as preparation for what was to follow. President Hinckley's announcement that Easter morning began a journey for us organists that would not conclude for seven years, when the Conference Center's Schoenstein & Co. organ was finally declared finished, just in time for the A.G.O. bi-regional convention held in Salt Lake City in the summer of 2003."[4]
The organ includes a number of so-called "mechanical aids," though these are actually electronic. According to principal Tabernacle organist Richard Elliott, these include a "built-in recorder," which allows organists to play a performance, and then go out into the auditorium and listen as the organ's computer replays the piece by physically sounding the pipes.[1]
Contents
1Basic specification
2List of stops
3References
4External links
Basic specification
Builder: Schoenstein & Co., San Francisco, California, USA
Opus No: 139
Console (designed similarly to the Tabernacle Organ's in an attempt to minimize inconvenience when switching between the instruments):[1]
Mobile
5 manuals
Pedal board: concave & radiating
Stop controls: drawknob
Speaking stops: 103
Ranks: 130
Pipes: 7667
Wind:
Power: 6 Ventus blowers
Pressures:
Choir: 140mm
Great: 140mm, 190mm
Swell: 140mm, 250mm
Solo: 250mm, 375mm
Orchestral: 250mm, 375mm
Pedal: 140mm, 190mm, 250mm, 375mm[5]
List of stops
I - CHOIR
(51/2" wind) (Enclosed)
Bass Viol
16′
Lieblich Bourdon (metal)
16'
Viola Pomposa
8′
Viola Celeste
8′
Echo Gamba
8'
Gamba Celeste
8'
Viole d'orchestre
8'
Viole céleste
8'
Lieblich Bourdon
8'
Concert Flute (wood)
8'
Echo Diapason
8'
Nachthorn
4'
Fugara
4'
Nazard
2 2/3′
Twelfth
2 2/3′
Harmonic Piccolo
2'
Fifteenth
2'
Tierce
1 3/5′
Nineteenth
1 1/3′
Twenty-second
1'
Flügel Horn
16'
Trumpet
8'
Flügel Horn
8'
Cromorne
8'
Tuba Mirabilis (Orchestral)
8'
Millennial Trumpet (Solo)
8'
Rohr Schalmei
4'
Tremulant
II - GREAT
(51/2" wind)
Dulciana
32'
Double Open Diapason
16′
Bourdon (wood)
16'
Stentor Diapason (Solo)
8'
Large Open Diapason (71/2" wind)
8'
Open Diapason
8'
Horn Diapason
8'
Gamba
8'
Gemshorn
8'
Harmonic Flute
8'
Doppelflöte (wood)
8'
Principal (71/2" wind)
4'
Octave
4'
Octave Gemshorn
4'
Forest Flute
4'
Twelfth
2 2/3′
Fifteenth
2'
Seventeenth
1 3/5′
Full Mixture (IV-V) (ff - 71/2" wind)
2'
Mixture (IV) (f)
2'
Sharp Mixture (III) (mf)
1 1/3′
Bass Trumpet (71/2" wind)
16'
Trumpet (71/2" wind)
8'
Tuba Mirabilis (Orchestral)
8'
Millennial Trumpet (Solo)
8'
Clarion (71/2" wind)
4'
Tremulant
III - SWELL
(51/2" wind) (Enclosed)
Double Open Diapason
16′
Bourdon (wood)
16'
Open Diapason
8'
Small Open Diapason
8'
Silver Flute
8′
Bourdon
8′
Viole de gambe
8′
Viole céleste
8'
Flauto Dolce
8′
Flute Celeste (TC)
8'
Principal
4'
Harmonic Flute
4'
Fifteenth
2'
Plein Jeu (V) (f)
2'
Cornet (III) (mf)
2 2/3′
Contra Fagotto (10" wind)
32'
Bombarde
16'
Fagotto (10" wind)
16'
Trompette
8′
Cornopean (10" wind)
8′
Oboe
8′
Voix humaine †
8′
Clarion harmonique
4'
Clarion (10" wind)
4'
Tremulant
Separate tremulant †
IV - SOLO
(111/2" wind) (Enclosed)
Open Diapason
8′
Phonon Diapason (Orchestral)
8′
Symphonic Flute
8′
Principal
4'
Octave (Orchestral)
4'
Quint Mixture (V)
22/3'
French Horn
8′
Cor Anglais (Orchestral)
8'
Clarinet (Orchestral)
8'
Tremulant
Variable Tremulant
Separate Shades—Grand Solo
(171/2" wind)
Tierce Mixture (IV-VI)
2'
Bass Tuba
16'
Tuba
8'
Tuben (III) †
8'
Tuba Clarion
4'
Unenclosed
Stentor Diapason (25" wind) ††
8'
Millennial Trumpet (15" wind)
8'
† Draws Bass Tuba, Tuba, and Tuba Clarion, all at 8' pitch
†† Extends Pedal Open Wood
V - ORCHESTRAL
(10" wind) (Enclosed)
Tibia Clausa (Wood)
16'
Phonon Diapason
8'
Tibia Clausa
8'
Stentor Gamba
8'
Celeste
8'
Octave
4'
Tibia Clausa
4'
Tibia Twelfth
22/3'
Tibia Piccolo
2
Tibia Tierce
13/5'
Clarinet
16'
Tuba Horn
8' (15" wind)
Clarinet
8'
Cromorne (Choir)
8'
Cor Anglais
8'
Vox Humana (51/2" wind) †
8'
Tremulant††
Variable Tremulant
Tuba Mirabilis (20" wind)
8'
† Separate Tremulant draws with Vox Humana stop knob
†† Also draws Tuba Horn Tremulant
Tremulant
PERCUSSIONS
(Walker Digital)
Harp
(Choir)
Celesta
(Choir)
Orchestral Bells
(Choir)
Les cloches de Hinckley
(Great)
Cymbelstern
(Great)
Orchestral Harp
(Solo)
Celestial Chimes
(Solo)
Tower Chimes
(Pedal)
PEDAL (51/2" wind)
Gamba (GGGGG# - 10" wind)
64'
Diaphone (Wood - 25" wind)
32'
Diapason (10" wind)
32'
Gamba
32'
Dulciana (Great)
32
Sub Bass (Wood - 10" wind)
32'
Diaphone (Wood)
16'
Open Wood (10" wind)
16'
Diapason
16'
Great Diapason (Great)
16'
Swell Diapason (Swell)
16'
Violone (Wood - 71/2" wind)
16'
Gamba
16'
Bass Viol (Choir)
16'
Dulciana (Great)
16'
Sub Bass
16'
Bourdon (Swell)
16'
Lieblich Bourdon (Choir)
16'
Tibia Clausa (Orchestral)
16'
Quint
102/3'
Open Wood
8'
Principal
8'
Gamba
8'
Flute
8'
Bass Viol (Choir)
8'
Sub Bass
8'
Bourdon (Swell)
8'
Lieblich Bourdon (Choir)
8'
Choral Bass
4'
Octave Flute
4'
Bass Viol (Choir)
4'
Rauschquinte (II)
22/3'
Mixture (III)
11/3'
Trombone (GGGGG# - 20" wind)
64'
Trombone
32'
Contra Fagotto (Swell)
32'
Trombone
16'
Bass Tuba (Solo)
16'
Bombarde (Swell)
16'
Bass Trumpet (Great)
16'
Fagotto (Swell)
16'
Flügel Horn (Choir)
16'
Clarinet (Orchestral)
16'
Tromba (15" wind)
8'
Bass Tuba (Solo)
8'
Bass Trumpet (Great)
8'
Bombarde (Swell)
8'
Fagotto (Swell)
8'
Clarinet (Orchestral)
8'
Flügel Horn (Choir)
8'
Tromba
4'
Bass Trumpet (Great)
4'
Cromorne (Choir)
4'
Pizzicato Bass (plays 16' Open Wood at 8' pitch through pizzicato relay)
References
^ abc"Pipedreams: Some Latter Day Sounds". American Public Media. Retrieved 10 March 2018..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ ab"Pipedreams: Beyond the Tabernacle (26 July 2010)". American Public Media. Retrieved 10 March 2018.
Subprefecture and commune in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France Bressuire Subprefecture and commune Chateau de Bressuire and the Eglise Notre-Dame Coat of arms Location of Bressuire Bressuire Show map of France Bressuire Show map of Nouvelle-Aquitaine Coordinates: 46°50′27″N 0°29′14″W / 46.8408°N 0.4872°W / 46.8408; -0.4872 Coordinates: 46°50′27″N 0°29′14″W / 46.8408°N 0.4872°W / 46.8408; -0.4872 Country France Region Nouvelle-Aquitaine Department Deux-Sèvres Arrondissement Bressuire Canton Bressuire Government • Mayor .mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal} (2014–20) Jean Michel Bernier Area 1 180.59 km 2 (69.73 sq mi) Population (2014) 2 19,300 • Density 110/km 2 (280/sq mi) Time zone UTC+01:00 (CET) • Summer (DST) UTC+02:00 (CEST) INSEE/Postal code 79049 /79300 Elevation 98–236 m (322–774 ft) (avg. 173 m or 568 ft) 1 French Land Register data, which exclude
Vorschmack Ukrainian Jewish-style vorschmack served on rye bread Course Hors d'oeuvre Region or state Eastern Europe Associated national cuisine Ashkenazi Jewish, Finnish, German, Ukrainian, Polish, Russian Main ingredients Ground meat and/or fish Cookbook: Vorschmack Media: Vorschmack Vorschmack or forshmak (Yiddish: פֿאָרשמאַק , from archaic German Vorschmack , "foretaste" [1] or "appetizer" [2] ) is an originally East European dish made of salty minced fish or meat. Different variants of this dish are especially common in Ashkenazi Jewish and Finnish cuisine. Some varieties are also known in Russian and Polish cuisine. Contents 1 In Jewish cuisine 2 In Russian cuisine 3 In Polish cuisine 4 In Finnish cuisine 5 See also 6 References In Jewish cuisine According to Gil Marks, the German name points to the possible Germanic origin of this dish. [1] William Pokhlyobkin descr
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Media related to Schoenstein Organ at the Conference Center at Wikimedia Commons
Media related to Schoenstein Organ at the Conference Center at Wikimedia Commons
