Tunisian Combatant Group



































Tunisian Combatant Group
Participant in the Global War on Terrorism
Active 2000s
Ideology Salafi jihadism
Area of operations
Tunisia
Western Europe
Split from
Ennahda Movement[1]
Became
Ansar al-Sharia (Tunisia)
Allies


  • Al-Qaeda[2]


  • Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat[1]


  • Libyan Islamic Fighting Group[2]


  • Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group[2]
Opponent(s)


  •  Tunisia[3]


  • Western world[3]

The Tunisian Combatant Group (Arabic: الجماعة التونسية المقاتلة; Jama’a Combattante Tunisienne, French: Groupe Combattant Tunisien) or TCG was a loose network of terrorists founded in 2000 that aspired to install an Islamist government in Tunisia.[1] According to the United Nations Security Council (UNSC), TCG is believed to have had terrorist cells in France, Italy, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and in the United Kingdom.[2] By the 2010s, it was not clear whether the group still existed.[4]




Contents






  • 1 History


  • 2 European branches


  • 3 Foreign Relations


    • 3.1 Designation as a terrorist organization




  • 4 References





History


The TCG was founded in 2000 by Tarek Ben Habib Maaroufi and Seifallah Ben Hassine, in close cooperation with al-Qaeda.[2][5] The group aimed to establish an Islamic state in Tunisia ruled according to Sharia.[1][3][4] The strategy of the TCG was set during a meeting in Khost, Afghanistan, where it declared its support for Osama bin Laden.[2] Most of its members were trained in al-Qaeda-linked camps in Afghanistan, and it later organised training for new recruits in the camps.[2] It has been described as an offshoot of the formerly banned Ennahda Movement.[1]


A number of the detainees held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detainment camps, in Cuba, remain in detention, in part, because American intelligence analysts allege they were members of TCG.


Maaroufi was arrested by Belgian authorities in December 2001, and in 2004 sentenced to five years imprisonment.[3] Since 2004 the TCG did not have capabilities to operate in Tunisia, and was since then based among the Tunisian diaspora in Western Europe.[4][6]


Hassine was arrested by Turkish authorities in 2003, after which he was extradited to Tunisia, where he was sentenced to 43 years imprisonment.[7] Following the Arab Spring and the Tunisian Revolution in 2011, Hassine was released from prison as part of a general amnesty, and went on to found the militant Ansar al-Sharia group.[8]



European branches


The TCG had branches in several European countries.[2] The Italian branch of the organisation was led by Sami ben Khemais Essid, and was dismantled by law enforcement in April 2001.[2] Essid's group was connected to the "Frankfurt group", which was responsible for the Strasbourg Cathedral bombing plot in December 2000.[2] Several members of the TCG in Italy were convicted for terror-related activities in 2003.[3]


The Belgian branch of the TCG was led by Maaroufi, and was responsible for organising the travel to Afghanistan of the two terrorists who assassinated the anti-Taliban Afghan political leader Ahmad Shah Massoud on 9 September 2001.[2] The Belgian branch has since also been dismantled.[2]Kamel ben Moussa, an official of the group was arrested in the United Kingdom on 18 December 2001.[2]



Foreign Relations



Designation as a terrorist organization


Countries and organizations below have officially listed the Tunisian Combat Group as a terrorist organization.























Country
 Date
 References

 United Nations
 10 October 2002
 [2]

 United States
 20 December 2004
 [9]

 Israel
[10]


References





  1. ^ abcde "The TCG". Overseas Security Advisory Council (USA). Archived from the original on 28 December 2005..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ abcdefghijklmn "QDe.090 TUNISIAN COMBATANT GROUP". United Nations Security Council (UNSC). 7 April 2011. Retrieved 12 August 2016.


  3. ^ abcde Tan, Andrew T .H. (2010). Politics of Terrorism: A Survey. Routledge. p. 219. ISBN 9781136833366.


  4. ^ abc The World Almanac of Islamism: 2014. Rowman & Littlefield. 2014. p. 345. ISBN 9781442231443.


  5. ^ Aftergood, Steven (May 21, 2003). "The Tunisian Combatant Group (TCG)". Retrieved 2019-02-26.


  6. ^ Davis, John (2012). Terrorism in Africa: The Evolving Front in the War on Terror. Lexington Books. p. 167. ISBN 9780739135778.


  7. ^ icct.nl: "Raising the Stakes: Ansar al-Sharia in Tunisia’s Shift to Jihad", Feb 2014


  8. ^ "Al Qaeda ally orchestrated assault on US Embassy in Tunisia". Long War Journal. 2 October 2012. Retrieved 12 August 2014.


  9. ^ "Terrorist Exclusion List". Overseas Security Advisory Council (USA). 29 December 2004. Retrieved 10 January 2014.


  10. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-08-10. Retrieved 2014-08-09.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)








-

Popular posts from this blog

Bressuire

Image
Subprefecture and commune in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France Bressuire Subprefecture and commune Chateau de Bressuire and the Eglise Notre-Dame Coat of arms Location of Bressuire Bressuire Show map of France Bressuire Show map of Nouvelle-Aquitaine Coordinates: 46°50′27″N 0°29′14″W  /  46.8408°N 0.4872°W  / 46.8408; -0.4872 Coordinates: 46°50′27″N 0°29′14″W  /  46.8408°N 0.4872°W  / 46.8408; -0.4872 Country France Region Nouvelle-Aquitaine Department Deux-Sèvres Arrondissement Bressuire Canton Bressuire Government  • Mayor .mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal} (2014–20) Jean Michel Bernier Area 1 180.59 km 2 (69.73 sq mi) Population (2014) 2 19,300  • Density 110/km 2 (280/sq mi) Time zone UTC+01:00 (CET)  • Summer (DST) UTC+02:00 (CEST) INSEE/Postal code 79049 /79300 Elevation 98–236 m (322–774 ft) (avg. 173 m or 568 ft) 1 French Land Register data, which exclude...
Read more

Vorschmack

Image
Vorschmack Ukrainian Jewish-style vorschmack served on rye bread Course Hors d'oeuvre Region or state Eastern Europe Associated national cuisine Ashkenazi Jewish, Finnish, German, Ukrainian, Polish, Russian Main ingredients Ground meat and/or fish Cookbook: Vorschmack   Media: Vorschmack Vorschmack or forshmak (Yiddish: פֿאָרשמאַק ‎, from archaic German Vorschmack , "foretaste" [1] or "appetizer" [2] ) is an originally East European dish made of salty minced fish or meat. Different variants of this dish are especially common in Ashkenazi Jewish and Finnish cuisine. Some varieties are also known in Russian and Polish cuisine. Contents 1 In Jewish cuisine 2 In Russian cuisine 3 In Polish cuisine 4 In Finnish cuisine 5 See also 6 References In Jewish cuisine According to Gil Marks, the German name points to the possible Germanic origin of this dish. [1] William Pokhlyobkin descr...
Read more

Quarantine

Image
For other uses, see Quarantine (disambiguation). Signal flag "Lima" called the "Yellow Jack" which when flown in harbor means ship is under quarantine. A simple yellow flag (also called the "Yellow Jack") had historically been used to signal quarantine (it stands for Q among signal flags), but now indicates the opposite, as a signal of a ship free of disease that requests boarding and inspection. A quarantine is used to separate and restrict the movement of people; it is 'a restraint upon the activities or communication of persons or the transport of goods designed to prevent the spread of disease or pests', for a certain period of time. [1] This is often used in connection to disease and illness, such as those who may possibly have been exposed to a communicable disease. [2] The term is often erroneously used to mean medical isolation, which is "to separate ill persons who have a communicable disease from those who are healthy...
Read more