Terapontidae

































Terapontidae

Rhyncopelates oxyrhynchus1.jpg

Rhyncopelates oxyrhynchus

Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Actinopterygii
Order:
Perciformes
Family:
Terapontidae
Genera

Amniataba
Bidyanus
Hannia
Helotes
Hephaestus
Lagusia
Leiopotherapon
Mesopristes
Pelates
Pelsartia
Pingalla
Rhynchopelates
Scortum
Syncomistes
Terapon
Variichthys



Grunters or tigerperches are fishes in the family Terapontidae (also spelled Teraponidae, Theraponidae or Therapontidae). Most are found in shallow coastal waters in the Indian Ocean and western Pacific, where they live in saltwater, brackish and freshwater habitats, but there are also true freshwater species found far from the coast. They grow up to 80 cm in length and feed on fishes and invertebrates.



Species


There are at least 52 species:[1]




  • Genus Amniataba


    • Amniataba affinis (Mees & Kailola, 1977) - tiger grunter


    • Amniataba caudavittata (Richardson, 1845) - yellowtail trumpeter


    • Amniataba percoides (Günther, 1864) - barred grunter



  • Genus Bidyanus


    • Bidyanus bidyanus (Mitchell, 1838) - silver perch, bidyan perch


    • Bidyanus welchi (McCulloch & Waite, 1917) - silver bream



  • Genus Hannia

    • Hannia greenwayi (Vari, 1978) - Greenway's grunter


  • Genus Helotes

    • Helotes sexlineatus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) - six-lined trumpeter


  • Genus Hephaestus


    • Hephaestus adamsoni (Trewavas, 1940) - Adamson's grunter


    • Hephaestus carbo (Ogilby & McCulloch, 1916) - black grunter, or coal grunter


    • Hephaestus epirrhinos (Vari & Hutchins, 1978) - long-nose sooty grunter


    • Hephaestus fuliginosus (Macleay, 1883) - sooty grunter


    • Hephaestus habbemai (Weber, 1910) - mountain grunter


    • Hephaestus jenkinsi (Whitley, 1945) - western sooty grunter


    • Hephaestus komaensis (Allen & Jebb, 1993)


    • Hephaestus lineatus (Allen, 1984) - lined grunter


    • Hephaestus obtusifrons (Mees & Kailola, 1977) - striped grunter


    • Hephaestus raymondi (Mees & Kailola, 1977) - Raymond's grunter


    • Hephaestus roemeri (Weber, 1910) - Röemer's grunter


    • Hephaestus transmontanus (Mees & Kailola, 1977) - Sepik grunter


    • Hephaestus trimaculatus (Macleay, 1883) - threespot grunter


    • Hephaestus tulliensis (De Vis, 1884)



  • Genus Lagusia

    • Lagusia micracanthus (Bleeker, 1860)


  • Genus Leiopotherapon


    • Leiopotherapon aheneus (Mees, 1963) - Fortescue grunter


    • Leiopotherapon macrolepis (Vari, 1978) - large-scale grunter


    • Leiopotherapon plumbeus (Kner, 1864) - silver perch


    • Leiopotherapon unicolor (Günther, 1859) - spangled grunter, spangled perch



  • Genus Mesopristes


    • Mesopristes argenteus (De Vis, 1884) - silver grunter


    • Mesopristes cancellatus (Cuvier, 1829) - tapiroid grunter


    • Mesopristes elongatus (Guichenot, 1866) - plain terapon


    • Mesopristes iravi (Yoshino, Yoshigou & Senou, 2002)


    • Mesopristes kneri (Bleeker, 1876) - orange-spotted therapon



  • Genus Pelates


    • Pelates octolineatus (Jenyns, 1840) - western striped trumpeter


    • Pelates qinglanensis (Sun, 1991)


    • Pelates quadrilineatus (Bloch, 1790) - fourlined terapon



  • Genus Pelsartia

    • Pelsartia humeralis (Ogilby, 1899) - sea trumpeter


  • Genus Pingalla


    • Pingalla gilberti (Whitley, 1955) - Gilbert's grunter


    • Pingalla lorentzi (Weber, 1910) - Lorentz's grunter


    • Pingalla midgleyi (Allen & Merrick, 1984) - black-blotch grunter



  • Genus Rhynchopelates

    • Rhynchopelates oxyrhynchus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1842) - sharpbeak terapon


  • Genus Scortum


    • Scortum barcoo (McCulloch & Waite, 1917) - Barcoo grunter


    • Scortum hillii (Castelnau, 1878) - leathery grunter


    • Scortum neili (Allen, Larson & Midgley, 1993) - Neil's grunter


    • Scortum parviceps (Macleay, 1883) - small-headed grunter



  • Genus Syncomistes


    • Syncomistes butleri (Vari, 1978) - Butler's grunter


    • Syncomistes kimberleyensis (Vari, 1978) - Kimberley grunter


    • Syncomistes rastellus (Vari & Hutchins, 1978) - Drysdale grunter


    • Syncomistes trigonicus (Vari, 1978) - longnose grunter



  • Genus Terapon


    • Terapon jarbua (Forsskål, 1775) - Jarbua terapon


    • Terapon puta (Cuvier, 1829) - small-scaled terapon


    • Terapon theraps (Cuvier, 1829) - largescaled terapon



  • Genus Variichthys (formerly Varia)


    • Variichthys jamoerensis (Mees, 1971) - Jamur Lake grunter


    • Variichthys lacustris (Mees & Kailola, 1977) - lake grunter






Timeline



Quaternary
Neogene
Paleogene
Holocene
Pleist.
Plio.
Miocene
Oligocene
Eocene
Paleocene
Pelates
Quaternary
Neogene
Paleogene
Holocene
Pleist.
Plio.
Miocene
Oligocene
Eocene
Paleocene


References





  1. ^ Froese, R. and D. Pauly, Eds. Terapontidae. FishBase. 2013.










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