Lampshade spider
| Lampshade spiders | |
|---|---|
 | |
Hypochilus pococki in web | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Hypochilidae Marx, 1888 |
| Genera | |
Ectatosticta | |
Diversity | |
2 genera, 12 species | |
 | |
Hypochilus web in its normal orientation
Lampshade spiders, family Hypochilidae, are among the most primitive of araneomorph spiders. There are two genera and twelve species currently recognized. Like mygalomorphs, most hypochilids have two pairs of book lungs, but like araneomorphs they have intersecting fangs, with the exception of some species which have chelicerae in an angle that is neither orthognathous or labidognathous.[1] These long-legged spiders build typical "lampshade" style webs under overhangs and in caves. In the United States the fauna is primarily associated with the Appalachian, Rocky and California Mountains. Ten of the known species are found in these ranges, all in the genus Hypochilus. The genus Ectatosticta is found in China.
In one analysis, the Hypochilidae are a sister clade to the Neocribellatae, which contains all other spider species in the Araneomorphae (Coddington & Levi, 1991, p. 576). A more recent study groups them with the Haplogynae.[2]
Contents
1 Species
2 See also
3 References
4 Further reading
5 External links
Species
Ectatosticta Simon, 1892 – China
Ectatosticta davidi (Simon, 1889)
Ectatosticta deltshevi Platnick & Jäger, 2009
Hypochilus Marx, 1888 – US
Hypochilus bernardino Catley, 1994
Hypochilus bonneti Gertsch, 1964
Hypochilus coylei Platnick, 1987
Hypochilus gertschi Hoffman, 1963
Hypochilus jemez Catley, 1994
Hypochilus kastoni Platnick, 1987
Hypochilus petrunkevitchi Gertsch, 1958
Hypochilus pococki Platnick, 1987
Hypochilus sheari Platnick, 1987
Hypochilus thorelli Marx, 1888
See also
- List of Hypochilidae species
- Spider families
References
^ Spiders--webs, Behavior, and Evolution
^ Bond, Jason E.; Garrison, Nicole L.; Hamilton, Chris A.; Godwin, Rebecca L.; Hedin, Marshal & Agnarsson, Ingi (2014). "Phylogenomics Resolves a Spider Backbone Phylogeny and Rejects a Prevailing Paradigm for Orb Web Evolution". Current Biology. 24 (15): 1765–1771. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.06.034. PMID 25042592..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em} |p. 1766.
Coddington, J.A.; Levi, H.W. (1991). "Systematics and Evolution of Spiders (Araneae)". Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 22: 565–592. doi:10.1146/annurev.es.22.110191.003025.
Kaston, B. J. (1953). How to Know the Spiders (1st ed.). Dubuque, IA: W.C. Brown Co. OCLC 681432632.
Further reading
- Forster, R.R., Platnick, N.I. and Gray, M.R. (1987). A review of the spider superfamilies Hypochiloidea and Austrochiloidea (Araneae, Araneomorphae). Bulletin of the AMNH 185(1):1-116 Abstract - PDF (50Mb)
Shear, W.A. (1969). "Observations on the predatory behavior of the spider Hypochilus gertschi Hoffman (Hypochilidae)" (PDF). Psyche. 76: 407–417. doi:10.1155/1969/59683. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-09-27.
External links
 | Wikispecies has information related to Hypochilidae |
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hypochilidae. |
- Arachnology Home Pages: Araneae
- Platnick, N.I. 2003. World Spider Catalog
- Picture of Hypochilus pococki
