JavaScript async & defer: run a script asynchronously

As far as I am aware, in the script element, the async attribute allows the script to download asynchronously (similar to images), while the defer causes the script to wait until the end before executing.

Suppose I have two scripts to include:

<script src="library.js"></script>

<script src="process.js"></script>

I would want them both to proceed asynchronously, and I would want process.js to wait until the end to start processing.

Is there a way to get the library.js script to run asynchronously?

Note

I see there appears to be some discrepancy between different online resources as to the actual role of the async attribute.

MDN & WhatWG suggest that it means that the script should execute asynchronously. Other online resources suggest that it should load asynchronously, but still blocks rendering when it is executed.

edited Nov 13 '18 at 5:14

asked Nov 13 '18 at 4:58

Manngo

3,08831841

So you want library.js to finish running before process.js starts?
– CertainPerformance
Nov 13 '18 at 5:01

@CertainPerformance Good point. Yes, I would expect process.js to have access to the library.
– Manngo
Nov 13 '18 at 5:03

@Phil I had a look at that link, and I normally regard MDN as authoritative. However, other sites I have looked at definitely suggest that async refers to loading the script.
– Manngo
Nov 13 '18 at 5:07

Agreed, that's why I removed the comment :)
– Phil
Nov 13 '18 at 5:08

@Phil. Pity. I see that the whatwg.org standard also refers to executing the script … this is getting a little confusing.
– Manngo
Nov 13 '18 at 5:10

add a comment |

Suppose I have two scripts to include:

<script src="library.js"></script>

<script src="process.js"></script>

I would want them both to proceed asynchronously, and I would want process.js to wait until the end to start processing.

Is there a way to get the library.js script to run asynchronously?

Note

I see there appears to be some discrepancy between different online resources as to the actual role of the async attribute.

edited Nov 13 '18 at 5:14

asked Nov 13 '18 at 4:58

Manngo

3,08831841

So you want library.js to finish running before process.js starts?
– CertainPerformance
Nov 13 '18 at 5:01

@CertainPerformance Good point. Yes, I would expect process.js to have access to the library.
– Manngo
Nov 13 '18 at 5:03

@Phil I had a look at that link, and I normally regard MDN as authoritative. However, other sites I have looked at definitely suggest that async refers to loading the script.
– Manngo
Nov 13 '18 at 5:07

Agreed, that's why I removed the comment :)
– Phil
Nov 13 '18 at 5:08

@Phil. Pity. I see that the whatwg.org standard also refers to executing the script … this is getting a little confusing.
– Manngo
Nov 13 '18 at 5:10

add a comment |

Suppose I have two scripts to include:

<script src="library.js"></script>

<script src="process.js"></script>

I would want them both to proceed asynchronously, and I would want process.js to wait until the end to start processing.

Is there a way to get the library.js script to run asynchronously?

Note

I see there appears to be some discrepancy between different online resources as to the actual role of the async attribute.

edited Nov 13 '18 at 5:14

asked Nov 13 '18 at 4:58

Manngo

3,08831841

Suppose I have two scripts to include:

<script src="library.js"></script>

<script src="process.js"></script>

I would want them both to proceed asynchronously, and I would want process.js to wait until the end to start processing.

Is there a way to get the library.js script to run asynchronously?

Note

I see there appears to be some discrepancy between different online resources as to the actual role of the async attribute.

javascript asynchronous

edited Nov 13 '18 at 5:14

asked Nov 13 '18 at 4:58

Manngo

3,08831841

edited Nov 13 '18 at 5:14

asked Nov 13 '18 at 4:58

Manngo

3,08831841

edited Nov 13 '18 at 5:14

asked Nov 13 '18 at 4:58

Manngo

3,08831841

asked Nov 13 '18 at 4:58

Manngo

3,08831841

asked Nov 13 '18 at 4:58

Manngo

3,08831841

So you want library.js to finish running before process.js starts?
– CertainPerformance
Nov 13 '18 at 5:01

@CertainPerformance Good point. Yes, I would expect process.js to have access to the library.
– Manngo
Nov 13 '18 at 5:03

@Phil I had a look at that link, and I normally regard MDN as authoritative. However, other sites I have looked at definitely suggest that async refers to loading the script.
– Manngo
Nov 13 '18 at 5:07

Agreed, that's why I removed the comment :)
– Phil
Nov 13 '18 at 5:08

@Phil. Pity. I see that the whatwg.org standard also refers to executing the script … this is getting a little confusing.
– Manngo
Nov 13 '18 at 5:10

add a comment |

So you want library.js to finish running before process.js starts?
– CertainPerformance
Nov 13 '18 at 5:01

@CertainPerformance Good point. Yes, I would expect process.js to have access to the library.
– Manngo
Nov 13 '18 at 5:03

@Phil I had a look at that link, and I normally regard MDN as authoritative. However, other sites I have looked at definitely suggest that async refers to loading the script.
– Manngo
Nov 13 '18 at 5:07

Agreed, that's why I removed the comment :)
– Phil
Nov 13 '18 at 5:08

@Phil. Pity. I see that the whatwg.org standard also refers to executing the script … this is getting a little confusing.
– Manngo
Nov 13 '18 at 5:10

So you want library.js to finish running before process.js starts?
– CertainPerformance
Nov 13 '18 at 5:01

@CertainPerformance Good point. Yes, I would expect process.js to have access to the library.
– Manngo
Nov 13 '18 at 5:03

@Phil I had a look at that link, and I normally regard MDN as authoritative. However, other sites I have looked at definitely suggest that async refers to loading the script.
– Manngo
Nov 13 '18 at 5:07

Agreed, that's why I removed the comment :)
– Phil
Nov 13 '18 at 5:08

@Phil. Pity. I see that the whatwg.org standard also refers to executing the script … this is getting a little confusing.
– Manngo
Nov 13 '18 at 5:10

add a comment |

2 Answers
2

active

oldest

votes

I found Sequential script loading in JavaScript which might help you:

(function(){

  

  //three JS files that need to be loaded one after the other

  var libs = [

    'https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.1.min.js',

    'https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery-easing/1.4.1/jquery.easing.min.js',

    'https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/underscore.string/3.3.4/underscore.string.js'

  ];

  

  var injectLibFromStack = function(){

      if(libs.length > 0){

        

        //grab the next item on the stack

        var nextLib = libs.shift();

        var headTag = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0];

        

        //create a script tag with this library

        var scriptTag = document.createElement('script');

        scriptTag.src = nextLib;

        

        //when successful, inject the next script

        scriptTag.onload = function(e){

          console.log("---> loaded: " + e.target.src);

          injectLibFromStack();

        };    

        

        //append the script tag to the <head></head>

        headTag.appendChild(scriptTag);

        console.log("injecting: " + nextLib);

      }

      else return;

  }

  

  //start script injection

  injectLibFromStack();

})();

edited Nov 13 '18 at 5:58

answered Nov 13 '18 at 5:52

Mamun

25.3k71428

1

So the key is that the load event is fired by the <script> element when all of the script's synchronous actions are complete, cool
– CertainPerformance
Nov 13 '18 at 6:09

Not really. The question was about the async and defer attributes. MDN states that scripts inserted using document.createElement, as in the sample above, are executed asynchronously by default.
– Manngo
Nov 13 '18 at 6:24

add a comment |

Both defer and async affect when a script is executed, not when a script is downloaded. I think the confusion comes from the fact that some documentation is a bit sloppy with terms, and the term loaded is unclear as to whether it refers to the fetching of the resource, or the execution of it.

To get library.js to run asyncronously without waiting for the document to load, use async attribute, and to get process.js to wait until document has been parsed, use defer:

<script src="library.js" async></script>

<script src="process.js" defer></script>

Note that library.js is not guaranteed to run before process.js, although it probably will.

answered Nov 13 '18 at 5:20

Flimm

50.8k23132156

I have had a look at the WhatWG Specs, and raised an issue regarding the ambiguity. It appears that async loads the script asynchronously, but still executes synchronously.
– Manngo
Nov 14 '18 at 3:33

add a comment |

Your Answer

StackExchange.ifUsing("editor", function () {
StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function () {
StackExchange.using("snippets", function () {
StackExchange.snippets.init();
});
});
}, "code-snippets");

StackExchange.ready(function() {
var channelOptions = {
tags: "".split(" "),
id: "1"
};
initTagRenderer("".split(" "), "".split(" "), channelOptions);

StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function() {
// Have to fire editor after snippets, if snippets enabled
if (StackExchange.settings.snippets.snippetsEnabled) {
StackExchange.using("snippets", function() {
createEditor();
});
}
else {
createEditor();
}
});

function createEditor() {
StackExchange.prepareEditor({
heartbeatType: 'answer',
autoActivateHeartbeat: false,
convertImagesToLinks: true,
noModals: true,
showLowRepImageUploadWarning: true,
reputationToPostImages: 10,
bindNavPrevention: true,
postfix: "",
imageUploader: {
brandingHtml: "Powered by u003ca class="icon-imgur-white" href="https://imgur.com/"u003eu003c/au003e",
contentPolicyHtml: "User contributions licensed under u003ca href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"u003ecc by-sa 3.0 with attribution requiredu003c/au003e u003ca href="https://stackoverflow.com/legal/content-policy"u003e(content policy)u003c/au003e",
allowUrls: true
},
onDemand: true,
discardSelector: ".discard-answer"
,immediatelyShowMarkdownHelp:true
});

}
});

draft saved

draft discarded

Sign up or log in

StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});

Post as a guest

Name

Required, but never shown

StackExchange.ready(
function () {
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fstackoverflow.com%2fquestions%2f53274079%2fjavascript-async-defer-run-a-script-asynchronously%23new-answer', 'question_page');
}
);

Post as a guest

Name

Required, but never shown

2 Answers
2

active

oldest

votes

2 Answers
2

active

oldest

votes

I found Sequential script loading in JavaScript which might help you:

(function(){

  

  //three JS files that need to be loaded one after the other

  var libs = [

    'https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.1.min.js',

    'https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery-easing/1.4.1/jquery.easing.min.js',

    'https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/underscore.string/3.3.4/underscore.string.js'

  ];

  

  var injectLibFromStack = function(){

      if(libs.length > 0){

        

        //grab the next item on the stack

        var nextLib = libs.shift();

        var headTag = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0];

        

        //create a script tag with this library

        var scriptTag = document.createElement('script');

        scriptTag.src = nextLib;

        

        //when successful, inject the next script

        scriptTag.onload = function(e){

          console.log("---> loaded: " + e.target.src);

          injectLibFromStack();

        };    

        

        //append the script tag to the <head></head>

        headTag.appendChild(scriptTag);

        console.log("injecting: " + nextLib);

      }

      else return;

  }

  

  //start script injection

  injectLibFromStack();

})();

edited Nov 13 '18 at 5:58

answered Nov 13 '18 at 5:52

Mamun

25.3k71428

1

So the key is that the load event is fired by the <script> element when all of the script's synchronous actions are complete, cool
– CertainPerformance
Nov 13 '18 at 6:09

Not really. The question was about the async and defer attributes. MDN states that scripts inserted using document.createElement, as in the sample above, are executed asynchronously by default.
– Manngo
Nov 13 '18 at 6:24

add a comment |

I found Sequential script loading in JavaScript which might help you:

(function(){

  

  //three JS files that need to be loaded one after the other

  var libs = [

    'https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.1.min.js',

    'https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery-easing/1.4.1/jquery.easing.min.js',

    'https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/underscore.string/3.3.4/underscore.string.js'

  ];

  

  var injectLibFromStack = function(){

      if(libs.length > 0){

        

        //grab the next item on the stack

        var nextLib = libs.shift();

        var headTag = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0];

        

        //create a script tag with this library

        var scriptTag = document.createElement('script');

        scriptTag.src = nextLib;

        

        //when successful, inject the next script

        scriptTag.onload = function(e){

          console.log("---> loaded: " + e.target.src);

          injectLibFromStack();

        };    

        

        //append the script tag to the <head></head>

        headTag.appendChild(scriptTag);

        console.log("injecting: " + nextLib);

      }

      else return;

  }

  

  //start script injection

  injectLibFromStack();

})();

edited Nov 13 '18 at 5:58

answered Nov 13 '18 at 5:52

Mamun

25.3k71428

1

So the key is that the load event is fired by the <script> element when all of the script's synchronous actions are complete, cool
– CertainPerformance
Nov 13 '18 at 6:09

Not really. The question was about the async and defer attributes. MDN states that scripts inserted using document.createElement, as in the sample above, are executed asynchronously by default.
– Manngo
Nov 13 '18 at 6:24

add a comment |

I found Sequential script loading in JavaScript which might help you:

(function(){

  

  //three JS files that need to be loaded one after the other

  var libs = [

    'https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.1.min.js',

    'https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery-easing/1.4.1/jquery.easing.min.js',

    'https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/underscore.string/3.3.4/underscore.string.js'

  ];

  

  var injectLibFromStack = function(){

      if(libs.length > 0){

        

        //grab the next item on the stack

        var nextLib = libs.shift();

        var headTag = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0];

        

        //create a script tag with this library

        var scriptTag = document.createElement('script');

        scriptTag.src = nextLib;

        

        //when successful, inject the next script

        scriptTag.onload = function(e){

          console.log("---> loaded: " + e.target.src);

          injectLibFromStack();

        };    

        

        //append the script tag to the <head></head>

        headTag.appendChild(scriptTag);

        console.log("injecting: " + nextLib);

      }

      else return;

  }

  

  //start script injection

  injectLibFromStack();

})();

edited Nov 13 '18 at 5:58

answered Nov 13 '18 at 5:52

Mamun

25.3k71428

I found Sequential script loading in JavaScript which might help you:

(function(){

  

  //three JS files that need to be loaded one after the other

  var libs = [

    'https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.1.min.js',

    'https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery-easing/1.4.1/jquery.easing.min.js',

    'https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/underscore.string/3.3.4/underscore.string.js'

  ];

  

  var injectLibFromStack = function(){

      if(libs.length > 0){

        

        //grab the next item on the stack

        var nextLib = libs.shift();

        var headTag = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0];

        

        //create a script tag with this library

        var scriptTag = document.createElement('script');

        scriptTag.src = nextLib;

        

        //when successful, inject the next script

        scriptTag.onload = function(e){

          console.log("---> loaded: " + e.target.src);

          injectLibFromStack();

        };    

        

        //append the script tag to the <head></head>

        headTag.appendChild(scriptTag);

        console.log("injecting: " + nextLib);

      }

      else return;

  }

  

  //start script injection

  injectLibFromStack();

})();

(function(){

  

  //three JS files that need to be loaded one after the other

  var libs = [

    'https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.1.min.js',

    'https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery-easing/1.4.1/jquery.easing.min.js',

    'https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/underscore.string/3.3.4/underscore.string.js'

  ];

  

  var injectLibFromStack = function(){

      if(libs.length > 0){

        

        //grab the next item on the stack

        var nextLib = libs.shift();

        var headTag = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0];

        

        //create a script tag with this library

        var scriptTag = document.createElement('script');

        scriptTag.src = nextLib;

        

        //when successful, inject the next script

        scriptTag.onload = function(e){

          console.log("---> loaded: " + e.target.src);

          injectLibFromStack();

        };    

        

        //append the script tag to the <head></head>

        headTag.appendChild(scriptTag);

        console.log("injecting: " + nextLib);

      }

      else return;

  }

  

  //start script injection

  injectLibFromStack();

})();

(function(){

  

  //three JS files that need to be loaded one after the other

  var libs = [

    'https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.1.min.js',

    'https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery-easing/1.4.1/jquery.easing.min.js',

    'https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/underscore.string/3.3.4/underscore.string.js'

  ];

  

  var injectLibFromStack = function(){

      if(libs.length > 0){

        

        //grab the next item on the stack

        var nextLib = libs.shift();

        var headTag = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0];

        

        //create a script tag with this library

        var scriptTag = document.createElement('script');

        scriptTag.src = nextLib;

        

        //when successful, inject the next script

        scriptTag.onload = function(e){

          console.log("---> loaded: " + e.target.src);

          injectLibFromStack();

        };    

        

        //append the script tag to the <head></head>

        headTag.appendChild(scriptTag);

        console.log("injecting: " + nextLib);

      }

      else return;

  }

  

  //start script injection

  injectLibFromStack();

})();

edited Nov 13 '18 at 5:58

answered Nov 13 '18 at 5:52

Mamun

25.3k71428

edited Nov 13 '18 at 5:58

answered Nov 13 '18 at 5:52

Mamun

25.3k71428

answered Nov 13 '18 at 5:52

Mamun

25.3k71428

answered Nov 13 '18 at 5:52

Mamun

25.3k71428

1

So the key is that the load event is fired by the <script> element when all of the script's synchronous actions are complete, cool
– CertainPerformance
Nov 13 '18 at 6:09

Not really. The question was about the async and defer attributes. MDN states that scripts inserted using document.createElement, as in the sample above, are executed asynchronously by default.
– Manngo
Nov 13 '18 at 6:24

add a comment |

1

So the key is that the load event is fired by the <script> element when all of the script's synchronous actions are complete, cool
– CertainPerformance
Nov 13 '18 at 6:09

Not really. The question was about the async and defer attributes. MDN states that scripts inserted using document.createElement, as in the sample above, are executed asynchronously by default.
– Manngo
Nov 13 '18 at 6:24

So the key is that the load event is fired by the <script> element when all of the script's synchronous actions are complete, cool
– CertainPerformance
Nov 13 '18 at 6:09

Not really. The question was about the async and defer attributes. MDN states that scripts inserted using document.createElement, as in the sample above, are executed asynchronously by default.
– Manngo
Nov 13 '18 at 6:24

add a comment |

To get library.js to run asyncronously without waiting for the document to load, use async attribute, and to get process.js to wait until document has been parsed, use defer:

<script src="library.js" async></script>

<script src="process.js" defer></script>

Note that library.js is not guaranteed to run before process.js, although it probably will.

answered Nov 13 '18 at 5:20

Flimm

50.8k23132156

I have had a look at the WhatWG Specs, and raised an issue regarding the ambiguity. It appears that async loads the script asynchronously, but still executes synchronously.
– Manngo
Nov 14 '18 at 3:33

add a comment |

To get library.js to run asyncronously without waiting for the document to load, use async attribute, and to get process.js to wait until document has been parsed, use defer:

<script src="library.js" async></script>

<script src="process.js" defer></script>

Note that library.js is not guaranteed to run before process.js, although it probably will.

answered Nov 13 '18 at 5:20

Flimm

50.8k23132156

I have had a look at the WhatWG Specs, and raised an issue regarding the ambiguity. It appears that async loads the script asynchronously, but still executes synchronously.
– Manngo
Nov 14 '18 at 3:33

add a comment |

To get library.js to run asyncronously without waiting for the document to load, use async attribute, and to get process.js to wait until document has been parsed, use defer:

<script src="library.js" async></script>

<script src="process.js" defer></script>

Note that library.js is not guaranteed to run before process.js, although it probably will.

answered Nov 13 '18 at 5:20

Flimm

50.8k23132156

To get library.js to run asyncronously without waiting for the document to load, use async attribute, and to get process.js to wait until document has been parsed, use defer:

<script src="library.js" async></script>

<script src="process.js" defer></script>

Note that library.js is not guaranteed to run before process.js, although it probably will.

answered Nov 13 '18 at 5:20

Flimm

50.8k23132156

answered Nov 13 '18 at 5:20

Flimm

50.8k23132156

answered Nov 13 '18 at 5:20

Flimm

50.8k23132156

answered Nov 13 '18 at 5:20

Flimm

50.8k23132156

I have had a look at the WhatWG Specs, and raised an issue regarding the ambiguity. It appears that async loads the script asynchronously, but still executes synchronously.
– Manngo
Nov 14 '18 at 3:33

add a comment |

I have had a look at the WhatWG Specs, and raised an issue regarding the ambiguity. It appears that async loads the script asynchronously, but still executes synchronously.
– Manngo
Nov 14 '18 at 3:33

I have had a look at the WhatWG Specs, and raised an issue regarding the ambiguity. It appears that async loads the script asynchronously, but still executes synchronously.
– Manngo
Nov 14 '18 at 3:33

add a comment |

draft saved

draft discarded

Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow!

Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!

But avoid …

Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.

Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.

To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.

Some of your past answers have not been well-received, and you're in danger of being blocked from answering.

Please pay close attention to the following guidance:

Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!

But avoid …

Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.

Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.

To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.

draft saved

draft discarded

Sign up or log in

StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});

Post as a guest

Name

Required, but never shown

Post as a guest

Name

Required, but never shown

Sign up or log in

StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});

Post as a guest

Name

Required, but never shown

Sign up or log in

StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});

Post as a guest

Name

Required, but never shown

Sign up or log in

StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});

Post as a guest

Name

Required, but never shown

Name

Required, but never shown

Name

Required, but never shown

This page is only for reference, If you need detailed information, please check here

搜尋此網誌

Vfrdtyky