Antonov An-12
| An-12 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| An-12 of Russian Air Force | |
| Role | Civil and military transport aircraft |
| Manufacturer | Antonov |
| First flight | 16 December[1] 1957 |
| Introduction | 1959 |
| Status | Active service with various airlines (especially cargo) and air forces |
| Primary users | Belarus Air Force Aeroflot PLA Air Force |
| Produced | 1957–1973 |
Number built | 1,248 |
Developed from | Antonov An-10 |
| Variants | Shaanxi Y-8 |
The Antonov An-12 (Russian: Антонов Ан-12; NATO reporting name: Cub) is a four-engined turboprop transport aircraft designed in the Soviet Union. It is the military version of the Antonov An-10 and has many variants.
Contents
1 Design and development
1.1 Chinese production
2 Variants
3 Operators
3.1 Civil operators
3.1.1 Current
3.1.2 Former
3.2 Military operators
3.2.1 Current
3.2.2 Former
4 Accidents and incidents
5 Specifications (An-12)
6 Notable appearances in media
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
Design and development
An An-12A of Vega Air makes a traditional smokey takeoff from Kastrup Airport (2004).
47-year-old An-12 still operational. Malmö Airport
The first prototype An-12 flew in December 1957. Over 900 had been built (both military and civilian versions) when Soviet production finally ended in 1973. The An-12BP entered Soviet military service in 1959. In terms of configuration, size, and capability, the aircraft is similar to the United States-built Lockheed C-130 Hercules. Soviet military and former-Soviet An-12s have a defensive tail gun turret.
Chinese production
In the 1960s, China purchased several An-12 aircraft from the Soviet Union, along with a license to assemble the aircraft locally. Due to the Sino-Soviet split, the Soviet Union withdrew its technical assistance and the first flight of a Chinese-assembled An-12 was delayed until 1974. The Xi'an Aircraft Company and Xi'an Aircraft Design Institute worked to reverse-engineer the An-12 for local production.[2]
Antonov An-12BP at China Aviation Museum, Beijing
In 1981, the Chinese version of the An-12, designated Y-8, entered production. Since then, the Y-8 has become one of China's most popular military and civilian transport/cargo aircraft, with many variants produced and exported. A Tu-16/H-6 bomber navigator cockpit design was chosen for the Y-8 instead of the original An-12 shorter navigator cockpit design, as the H-6 bomber had been in serial production for some time.[3] Although the An-12 is no longer in production either in Russia or in Ukraine, the Y-8 is upgraded and produced in China. The latest Y8-F600 is a joint venture between the Shaanxi Aircraft Company, Antonov Aeronautical Scientific Technical Complex (ASTC), and Pratt & Whitney Canada. The Y8-F600 has a redesigned fuselage, western avionics, PW150B turboprop engines with an R-408 propeller system, and a two-crew glass cockpit.[4]
Variants
Operators
An-12 operators (military operators in red, civil operators in green, and operators for both military and civil purposes in blue)
Currently the An-12 is very popular with cargo operators, especially those in the CIS, Africa and the Indian subcontinent.[5]
Civil operators
On 12 January 2009, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) issued a temporary ban of the An-12 from flying over their airspace following runway incursions at Sharjah International Airport and the GCAA has advised operators to stop using the aircraft.[6][7] The ban was made permanent in Feb 2010.[8]
|
|
|
Military operators
|
|
|
Accidents and incidents
Specifications (An-12)
Antonow An-12
Data from Global Aircraft,[25] Airliners.net[26]
General characteristics
Crew: five: two pilots, flight engineer, navigator, radio operator
Payload: 20,000 kg (44,000 lb)
Length: 33.10 m (108 ft 7 in)
Wingspan: 38.00 m (124 ft 8 in)
Height: 10.53 m (34 ft 7 in)
Wing area: 121.7 m² (1,310 ft²)
Empty weight: 28,000 kg (62,000 lb)
Useful load: 60 paratroopers (two BMD-1 armoured vehicles)
Max. takeoff weight: 61,000 kg (130,000 lb)
Powerplant: 4 × Ivchenko AI-20L or AI-20M turboprops, 4,000 ehp (3,000 kW) each
Performance
Maximum speed: 777 km/h (419 knots, 482 mph)
Cruise speed: 670 km/h (361 knots, 415 mph)
Range: ** With maximum fuel: 5,700 km (3,075 nm, 3,540 mi)
With maximum load: 3,600 km (1,945 nm, 2,235 mi))
Service ceiling: 10,200 m (33,500 ft)
Rate of climb: 10m/s (1960ft/min)
Armament
Guns: 2× 23 mm (0.906 in) Nudelman-Rikhter NR-23 cannons in a tail turret (some aircraft)
Notable appearances in media
See also
- Military transport aircraft
Related development
- Antonov An-22
- Shaanxi Y-8
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era
- Lockheed C-130 Hercules
- Transall C.160
Related lists
- List of military aircraft of the Soviet Union and the CIS
References
^ "Antonov official website". Archived from the original on 23 January 2018. Retrieved 15 August 2009.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link).mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ "Y8 Turboprop Transport Aircraft". Sino Defence. Archived from the original on 27 March 2008.
^ "Y8F600 aircraft". Shaanxi Aircraft Industry. Archived from the original on 21 May 2006.
^ Gordon, Yefim & Komissarov, Dmitry. Antonov An-12. Midland. Hinkley. 2007.
ISBN 978-1-85780-255-9[page needed]
^ "GCAA issues temporary ban of Antonov An-12 from UAE airspace". Archived from the original on 1 February 2009. Retrieved 13 January 2009.
^ "United Arab Emirates bans flights of Soviet-built An-12 aircraft". Archived from the original on 1 February 2009. Retrieved 13 January 2009.
^ "UAE bans ANTONOV An-12 aircraft from its airspace". The Times Of India. 19 February 2010. Retrieved 19 February 2010.
^ "SRX :: Fleet". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
^ Endres 1979, p. 189.
^ Endres 1979, p. 15.
^ Vintage Russian. Props and Jets of the Iron Curtain Airlines, Airlife Publishing, Shrewsbury 1998,
ISBN 1-85310-971-1.
^ Endres 1979, p. 401–402.
^ Endres 1979, p. 351.
^ Hoyle Flight International 8–14 December 2015, p. 32.
^ Hoyle Flight International 8–14 December 2015, p. 37.
^ Hoyle Flight International 8–14 December 2015, p. 41.
^ ab Hoyle Flight International 8–14 December 2015, p. 46.
^ Hoyle Flight International 8–14 December 2015, p. 48.
^ Hoyle Flight International 8–14 December 2015, p. 53.
^ "Armament of the Georgian Army". Georgian Army. Archived from the original on 9 March 2012. Retrieved 25 June 2007.
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 5 September 2012. Retrieved 2013-01-08.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
^ Gołąbek, Adam: 13. Pułk Lotnictwa Transportowego in: Lotnictwo z szachownicą nr. 9 and nr. 10
^ Radek Havelka. "An-12BP 2209 :: An-12BP". valka. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
[verification needed]
^ "An-12 Cub". Global Aircraft. Archived from the original on 19 February 2006. Retrieved 9 March 2006.
^ "The Antonov An-12 & Shaanxi Y8". Airliners.net. Archived from the original on 19 February 2006. Retrieved 9 March 2006.
Endres, Günter G. (1979). World Airline Fleets 1979. Hounslow, UK: Airline Publications and Sales Ltd. ISBN 978-0-905117-53-9..
Hoyle, Craig (8–14 December 2015). "World Air Forces Directory". Flight International. Vol. 188 no. 5517. pp. 26–53. ISSN 0015-3710.
External links
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to Antonov An-12. |
- List of all An-12 aircraft used by Polish Air Force
- Pictures of An-12
- Hundreds of An-12 photos
- Y-8 Transporter Intro, AirForceWorld.com
- Russianplanes.net
