Riprap




See also: Rubble and Debris











Riprap lining a lake shore





Concrete rubble used as riprap along the San Francisco Bay shoreline




Riprap stairway




Crews replacing riprap at Galveston Seawall after a 1915 hurricane


Riprap, also known as rip rap, rip-rap, shot rock, rock armor or rubble, is rock or other material used to armor shorelines, streambeds, bridge abutments, pilings and other shoreline structures against scour and water or ice erosion. It is made from a variety of rock types, commonly granite or limestone, and occasionally concrete rubble from building and paving demolition. It can be used on any waterway or water containment where there is potential for water erosion.


Underwater, rock armor caps submerged tunnels to protect against accidental anchor strikes or sinking debris.



References



  • Ciria-CUR (2007) - Rock Manual - The use of rock in hydraulic engineering.

  • N.W.H. Allsop (2002) - Breakwaters, coastal structures and coastlines.

  • US Dept. of Transportation (2004) - Trail Construction and Maintenance Notebook



External links



  • Ohio Dept. of Natural Resources riprap guide

  • US Bureau of Reclamation publication on riprap for dam overtopping

  • Minnesota DNR

  • USGS Minerals Yearbook: Stone, Crushed










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